Reforms in the field of environmental protection, which began to be implemented in recent years, are gradually being tightened.
What should natural resource users expect? A complete ban on the disposal of waste tires and car tires is introduced.
This position of legislators should stimulate the development of the industry recycling waste, the opening of new industries for their modification.
Deserves close attention. A low-cost, easy way to process tires requires the use of special equipment.
Let us consider in more detail the popular types of machine tools and the production lines formed from them, the characteristics of these units and how much they cost.
The technology for the production of rubber crumb from used machine tires is a process of successive grinding of raw materials into small pieces, followed by grinding them into a fine fraction.
Manufacturers offer big choice machines for the production of crumb rubber, prices depend on the performance of the equipment.
The principle of operation of a single-shaft plant is based on the grinding of raw materials successively lowering and rising low-speed cutting shaft.
The operation of a rubber shredder is as follows:
Fastening double-sided knives to screws allows them to be reused after one of the edges is worn out. This design feature allows increase standard service life tire crushers.
Among the advantages of single-shaft rubber shredders, the following can be distinguished:
An example of such equipment is a single-shaft machine for processing rubber and tires into chips from Netmus; the price of the presented equipment varies in the range 120,000 - 2,800,000 rubles.
Two-shaft tire shredders are designed for cutting raw materials into pieces no larger than 5x5 cm. The shredder blades can process tires from both passenger cars and heavy vehicles.
Principle of operation machine as follows:
Benefits of using twin-shaft machine for the production of crumb rubber:
The performance of the rubber processing machine directly depends on dimensions end products. So, in the manufacture of tapes and pieces measuring 5x5 cm, the output of 1 machine will be 2 tons / hour and more, with more thorough grinding - up to 2 tons / hour.
No special skills are required from the personnel serving the machines.
The number of auxiliary workers to work in 1 shift is 1-2 people: 1 person for loading raw materials, 1 person for receiving finished products.
Two-shaft tire crushing machines are supplied by the Russian company TechnoService LLC.
Let's consider tire shredding installations on the example of UPSHK equipment from the Tekhnoresursy company.
The installation is a rotating crown with 25 knives mounted on it, brought to a tire clamped in a special cartridge.
Manufacturing process as follows:
Rubber is removed from the tire, starting with the outer layer, and before reaching the layers of the cord.
Textile cord can be crushed together with rubber, metal cord is the boundary beyond which the use of the machine is prohibited.
Benefits of using the machine:
Maintenance of the installation is carried out by one worker. The production technology itself is very simple and does not require additional training.
For a month, one installation is capable of producing 34 tons of clean rubber crumb.
Prices for such equipment for processing rubber into crumbs start from 770 000 rub.
Integrated approach to problem solving tire recycling is provided by lines for grinding used tires into crumbs.
The complete set of equipment offered by various manufacturers differs little from each other:
Technology tire processing is as follows:
The finished crumb is packed and can be sent for sale. Larger particles are returned to the conveyor and subjected to repeated grinding.
The line capacity is from 500 kg of raw materials per hour.
To maintain the line, 2-3 people will be required for 1 work shift, while special training in the skills of working with the equipment is not required.
On the market of production equipment, tire processing lines are represented by manufacturers from different countries. Consider the distinctive features of individual brands of equipment.
Tire processing line from the Novokuznetsk company ALPHA SPK "ATR-250" declared by the manufacturer as fully automatic. Human participation is required only if it is necessary to grind especially large tires. Equipment price starts from 5,000,000 rubles. You can study the supplier's offer in more detail on the website.
Mini-factories for the production of crumbs from rubber tires- the best option for those who want to organize the processing of raw materials on a large scale.
Such production will have not only a personal, economic, effect, but also a social one.
New jobs will be created, social tension will decrease.
Benefits of using mini-factories for the production of crumb rubber:
Compact rubber grinding plants "ATR-300" from the company ALFA SPK capable of producing up to 350 kg of tire crumbs. The equipment crushes rubber tires with a mechanical crusher.
The crumb produced by this technology is different high quality, which means it is of great value to end users of the product.
The miniplant is equipped with the following equipment:
Miniplant works like this:
The price of such a mini-factory - RUB 9,800,000. The productivity of the mini-plant for the production of crumbs of three fractions is up to 350 kg per 1 working hour. 3-4 people are enough to service the equipment. On the need for special training for service personnel the equipment manufacturer does not explicitly state. All questions of interest can be asked on the site.
Pay attention to tire recycling plants from EcoStep.
In the line of equipment there are models designed for both beginner entrepreneurs and more experienced tire processors.
The advantage of the equipment declared by the manufacturer is European quality and reliability.
Tire recycling plants model KPSh from the company Doza-gran recycle tires into 3 fractions, including rubber dust.
On the company's website, you can calculate the required equipment performance depending on your needs and end goals.
Cost of equipment - from 8,300,000 rubles.
Another manufacturer of tire processing equipment is Europlit.
The equipment of the NEO line presented by it allows you to independently adjust the desired parameters of the final product.
| Equipment brand | Characteristic | Price | Link to the website of the manufacturer (supplier) | |
| Mini plant "ATR-300" | Energy consumption, kW/h | 80-120 | 9.8 million rubles | alfaspk.ru |
| 500 | ||||
| Output, kg/hour. | 350 | |||
| Formation of by-products (additional income) | Yes | |||
| 120 | ||||
| Shop LxWxH, m | 20x4.5x4.2 | |||
| Number of workers, pers. | 3-4 | |||
| Plant Bio-KPSh | Volume of processed raw materials, t/year | 720-3000 | From 8.3 million rubles | dozagran.com |
| Production output, t/year. | 650-2700 | |||
| Power consumption, kW/h | 180-430 | |||
| Line NEO-300 | Output, kg/hour. | 300 | On request | epilit.ru |
| Power consumption, kW/h | 55 | |||
| Number of workers, pers. | 3 | |||
| Shop LxWxH, m | 33x6x3 | |||
| Obtaining by-products (additional income) | Yes | |||
| Line NEO-500 | Output, kg/hour. | 500 | At buyer's request | |
| Power consumption, kW/h | 90 | |||
| Number of workers, pers. | 3 | |||
| Shop LxWxH, m | 41x6x4 | |||
| Additional products | Yes | |||
| Line NEO-1000 | Output, kg/hour. | 1000 | Reported upon buyer's request | |
| Electricity consumption, kW/h | 180 | |||
| Number of workers, pers. | 5 | |||
| Shop LxWxH, m | 43.75x8x4 | |||
| Additional products | Yes | |||
| ECO STEP 500 | Energy consumption, kW/h | 100 | eco-step.ru | |
| Output, kg/hour. | 350 | |||
| The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour. | 500 | |||
| Number of workers, pers. | 4 | |||
| Maximum diameter of recycled tires, cm. | 150 | |||
| Shop LxWxH, m | 30x10x5 | |||
| ECO STEP 700 | Power consumption, kW/h | 100 | Provided upon buyer's request | eco-step.ru |
| Output, kg/hour. | 350 | |||
| The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour. | 500 | |||
| Number of workers, pers. | 4 | |||
| Maximum diameter of recycled tires, cm. | 150 | |||
| Shop LxWxH, m | 30x10x5 | |||
| Line LT400 | The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour. | 250 | 52 thousand dollars | best-china.ru |
| Line LT450 | The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour. | 500 | 59 thousand dollars | |
| Line LT560 | The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour. | 1000 | 74 thousand dollars | |
| Line LPSH-300 | The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour. | 500 | www.uas.ru | |
| Release of a crumb, kg/hour. | 300 | |||
| Maximum inner diameter of tires, cm. | 150 | |||
| Power consumption, kW | From 100 | |||
| Number of workers, pers. | 2-3 | |||
| Opportunity to earn additional income | Yes | |||
| Room size, m 2 | 200 | |||
| LPSH-200 | Room size, m 2 | 40 | RUB 1.853 million | www.uas.ru |
| up to 200 | ||||
| LPSH-400 | Room size, m 2 | From 120 | 5.781 million rubles | |
| The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour | Up to 400 | |||
| LPSh-600 | Room size, m 2 | From 150 | RUB 6.135 million | |
| The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour | Up to 600 | |||
| LPSh-800 | Room size, m 2 | From 200 | RUB 8.800 million | |
| The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour | 800-1000 | |||
| LPSh-1500 | Room size, m 2 | From 250 | RUB 11.105 million | |
| The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour | up to 1500 | |||
| KGSh-1500 | Room size, m 2 | From 200 | RUB 14.156 million | |
| The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour | up to 1500 | |||
| "ATR-250" | Power consumption, kW/h | 80-100 | 5.6 million rubles | alfaspk.ru |
| Room size, m 2 | 80 | |||
| The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour | Up to 300 | |||
| Crumb volume, kg/hour | Up to 250 | |||
| Number of workers, pers. | 3-4 | |||
| UPShK-1200 | Power consumption, kW/h | 5 | 0.77 million rubles | stanki-ru.ru |
| Installation size, LxWxH, m | 1.8x1.2x2 | |||
| The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour | 35-52,5 | |||
| Number of workers, pers. | 1 | |||
| UPShK-2000 | Power consumption, kW/h | 8 | 0.87 million rubles | |
| Installation size, LxWxH, m | 2.5x1.7x3.2 | |||
| The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour | 87,5 | |||
| Number of workers, pers. | 1 | |||
| UPShK-2200 | Power consumption, kW/h | 8 | 1.12 million rubles | |
| Installation size, LxWxH, m | 2.8x1.8x3.4 | |||
| The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour | 100 | |||
| Number of workers, pers. | 1 | |||
| UPShK-2700 | Power consumption, kW/h | 11 | 2.25 million rubles | |
| Installation size, LxWxH, m | 3.0x2.0x3.4 | |||
| The volume of processed raw materials, kg / hour | 112,5 | |||
| Number of workers, pers. | 1 | |||
| Single shaft machine Model 800 | 400-600 | 1.285 million rubles | darex.pro | |
| Receiving chamber size, see | 147.5x80 | |||
| Total number of knives | 49 | |||
| Power consumption, kW | 22-37 | |||
| Up to 4 | ||||
| Single shaft machine Model 1000 | Equipment productivity, kg/h | 600-800 | 1.41 million rubles | |
| Receiving chamber size, see | 147.5x100 | |||
| Total number of knives | 68 | |||
| Power consumption, kW | 37-45 | |||
| Finished product size, see | Up to 4 | |||
| Single shaft machine Model 1300 | Equipment productivity, kg/h | 700-900 | RUB 1.845 million | |
| Receiving chamber size, see | 147.5x130 | |||
| Total number of knives | 91 | |||
| Power consumption, kW | 45-55 | |||
| Finished product size, see | Up to 4 | |||
| Single shaft machine Model 1800 | Equipment productivity, kg/h | 1400-1800 | 2.75 million rubles | |
| Receiving chamber size, see | 147.5x180 | |||
| Total number of knives | 130 | |||
| Power consumption, kW | 75-90 | |||
| Finished product size, see | Up to 4 | |||
| Tire Crusher #1 | Equipment productivity, kg/h | 2000 | Provided upon buyer's request | texservis.com |
| Finished product size, see | Noodles -5, chips - 5x5 | |||
| Receiving chamber size, see | 120 | |||
| Total number of knives | 22 | |||
| Machine dimensions (LxWxH) see. | 630.3x280x366.7 | |||
| Tire Crusher #2 | Equipment productivity, kg/h | Before 2000 | Provided upon buyer's request | |
| Fraction of finished products, see | Noodles -4, chips - 4x4 | |||
| Receiving chamber size, see | 75x22x6 | |||
| Power consumption, kW | 58 | |||
| Machine dimensions (LxWxH) see. | 282x230x258 | |||
| Single Shaft Shredder 3E WT 2260 | Total number of knives | 34 | 0.998 million rubles | pragmat.ru |
| Rated power, kW | 18,5 | |||
| Productivity, kg/hour | 200-300 | |||
| Machine dimensions (LxWxH), m | 1.774x1.359x1575 | |||
| Two-roll crusher DDR-300 | Power consumption, kW | 60 | Provided upon buyer's request | tet-ua.com |
| Productivity, kg/hour | 300 | |||
| Receiving window size, see | 60x70 | |||
| Maximum tire diameter, cm. | 600 | |||
| Two-roll crusher DDR-500 | Power consumption, kW | 60 | Provided upon buyer's request | |
| Productivity, kg/hour | 500 | |||
| Raw material receiving chamber limit, see | 75x80 | |||
| Maximum tire diameter, cm. | 750 | |||
| Two-roll crusher DDR-750 | Power consumption, kW | 90 | Provided upon buyer's request | |
| Productivity, kg/hour | 750 | |||
| The size of the window for laying tires, see. | 82x100 | |||
| Maximum tire diameter, cm. | 870 | |||
| Two-roll crusher DDR-1000 | Power consumption, kW | 90 | Provided upon buyer's request | |
| Productivity, kg/hour | 1000 | |||
| Receiving chamber size, see | 85x130 | |||
| Maximum tire diameter, cm. | 1200 | |||
Tire recycling equipment is a real find for those who want to set up a recycling business.
Affordable price, simple installation and maintenance, a wide scope of use of the products obtained are the reasons to consider this type of production. as a priority for start-up entrepreneurs, as well as master additional view activities of established businessmen.
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There are more than 1.1 billion cars in the world. The number of registered cars in Russia is about 46 million. This means that if trucks are added here, then about 5 billion tires run on the world's roads. The number of tires in the world's landfills is not exactly known. In Russia, according to various estimates, from 30 to 45 million tires are thrown away per year. There is no need to talk about the harm that such waste causes to the environment.
The issue of recycling and disposal of car tires is acute all over the world.
There is not a single country in which this problem is considered solved. In our country, according to various sources, from 8 to 12% of old tires and conveyor belts are recycled. These figures show that tire recycling as a business has a good future.
However, once you decide to run a rubber recycling business, you must choose your recycling method carefully and be aware of all the pitfalls of such a business. Choosing a recycling method, and therefore the direction of your investment, is a very difficult task. Enterprises producing equipment for one or another processing method, naturally, praise their method and carefully hide its shortcomings. In this article, we will try to facilitate the task of choosing a processing method. Remember that there is no perfect method. All have flaws. Here are the main ways to recycle car tires:
We do not consider in this article the application of a new tread on worn tires (“welding”). This is a method to extend the life of tires, not to recycle them. Let's take a closer look at other methods. When evaluating recycling methods, you should have a basic knowledge of the composition of the tire material.
The main components of tires are cord (metal, textile or mixed), rubber, filler (soot), auxiliary materials (thermal stabilizers, anti-ozonizers, etc.), adhesives (contain polychlorinated hydrocarbons and some other materials in large quantities Oh. If we do not consider the metal cord (and this is a steel wire coated with brass - an alloy of copper and zinc), then the composition of the tires includes: hydrocarbons (rubber, etc.), carbon (soot), silicon dioxide, sulfur (a vulcanizing agent in rubber and in the composition other components), polychlorides (as part of adhesives) and some other components in small quantities. Contrary to popular belief about the presence of arsenic in the composition of tires, it is not there. Heavy metals are also absent (except for a small amount of copper and zinc on the surface of the metal cord). Lead is also not used in modern tires. All these components undergo changes during the processing of tires and form new substances, many of which are more dangerous than the original ones. Now let's look at the advantages and disadvantages various methods tire recycling.
The method seems attractive. Therefore, it is worth talking about it in more detail.
Burning one ton of tires gives about the same amount of thermal energy as one ton of thermal coal.
What is the problem? First, tires cannot be burned in conventional thermal power plants. You need special equipment and preparation of raw materials. Secondly, when sulfur is burned, it forms a large number of sulfur dioxide (sulphurous gas). This requires a special cleaning installation. The problem is solved, but the equipment is very expensive. Thirdly, polychlorides at an insufficient combustion temperature form one of the most hazardous substances- dioxin. The available international experience shows that such a method has the right to life only when processing very large quantities (more than 100 tons) per day, requires huge investments and is profitable only in case of subsidies (financial support) from the state.
Read also: Spiral chips on a stick
The process is heating the material to 400–500 degrees without access to oxygen (air). This produces pyrolysis gas, liquid hydrocarbon fraction, soot and steel cord waste. You can find an excellent product calculation. For example, from 1 ton of tires you can get 500 kg of liquid hydrocarbon fraction (fuel and even gasoline!), 200 kg of gas (used to heat the reactor and save fuel), 200 kg of carbon black and 100 kg of metal. What is the problem? Ask yourself the question, where does sulfur disappear if it contains up to 10% and silicon dioxide. Very simple. Most of the sulfur turns into hydrogen sulfide (the strongest poison, a substance of hazard class 1), which is contained in pyrolysis gases. Another part of the sulfur forms carbon disulfide and other compounds that go into the liquid fraction. And, finally, in the residue, which is bashfully called technical carbon, there are metal sulfides (mainly sodium and calcium). Where did the silicon dioxide disappear - in the remainder. The fate of polychlorides is even more complicated. Some of them pass into the residue, some form hydrogen chloride (not a gift!), And some form dioxins, which can be found in all products. This "carbon black" will not be used by any responsible consumer. You can't bury it either. Having recycled tires in this way, we will create a bunch of new problems. These problems are solved, but require large capital investments, which calls into question the profitability of this method without the help of the state.
The essence of the method is very simple. Tires are shredded. In this case, three products are formed - metal, rubber crumb (we will consider the directions of its use below) and textile cord waste.
With such processing, there are practically no chemical changes (no new toxic waste is formed).
This is the main advantage of the method. What are the problems? It is very difficult to separate textile threads from crumb rubber and the textile material obtained in this way is practically a new waste. We will show below how to solve this problem. But at the initial stages it is better to deal with the processing of pure steel cord tires. This will significantly reduce capital costs. The key issues in building a mini tire recycling plant are the following issues.
Let's consider everything in order.
Even a mini tire recycling plant requires a fairly large site. Most of the production site will be occupied by a warehouse of raw materials (tires) and finished products. The tire recycling line occupies a fairly large area - 150–300 m2. This is best clarified after choosing the equipment. The height of the building (or hangar) is 5–6 meters. The production site should be sufficiently removed from the residential area. The minimum distance is 200-500 m. The best place is the industrial area. During the processing of tires, the material heats up quite strongly and releases volatile substances with a specific odor. Local ventilation is required. It is necessary to provide special absorption cartridges as part of the ventilation equipment. They are produced industrially.
For processing tires into crumbs, the price of equipment is not prohibitive. However, the cost of a set of equipment of 10–15 million rubles should be considered minimal. The choice of equipment for processing tires into crumbs is quite wide. There are lines of Russian production and import. When choosing equipment, do not pay too much attention to brands.
Tire recycling line
If possible, visit an already existing production facility and hear all about the problems of this production facility. When buying equipment, it is better to focus on complete lines, however, some components can be used or purchased separately. Here is the minimum equipment list:
Each of us knows that a vehicle cannot do without tires. However, not everyone thinks about where the worn rubber goes. There are two ways: either the tire is sent to a landfill and thereby pollutes the environment, or it is recycled. It's safe to say that rubber is a dangerous pollutant, so they always try to dispose of it. For this simple reason, there are all the prerequisites for creating your own small plant, where tires will be processed.
Every year the number of cars on the roads increases by about 5-10%. Based on this, the amount of worn rubber increases by about 1 million tons. In many countries, the issue of recycling is very acute. You can partly solve this problem if you set up your own small production. You have several business development options. For example, it can be the processing of car tires into fuel oil or crumbs. If you want to get fuel, you will have to spend a little more money, since the production line is quite serious. Pay attention also to the fact that you can work not only with tires, but also with plastic products, which will slightly increase the profitability of the enterprise. At this business There are several undeniable advantages, now we will consider each of them.
Firstly, you do not need to inject a lot of money into the purchase of raw materials. This is due to the fact that worn rubber is thrown away. Local authorities, if they, of course, are worried about the ecology of their city, will deliver everything to you. But that's not all, as the municipality is ready to pay for the fact that your company will process car tires. Agree, getting almost free raw materials, and even making a profit from the fact that you are doing this business, is not bad at all. Of course, everything does not end there, since our main goal is not only to save the environment, but also to make a net profit. Fixed assets will come from the sale of the same fuel oil, which is an extremely popular type of fuel in agriculture. By the way, you can also get free raw materials at tire fitting points, which are more than enough in big cities. The thing is that service station employees, etc. pay additional funds for the removal of old tires and their disposal.
It is impossible not to say a few words about the fact that this niche has not yet been fully filled. The number of entrepreneurs in this area is relatively small, about 20% of the optimal figure. This means that only a fifth of the worn rubber is disposed of and recycled, the rest goes to landfill. You must understand that 1,000 kilograms of burned tires is 450 kg of various toxic gases, as well as 250-270 kilograms of soot. But if the same amount of rubber is properly disposed of, then about 700 kilograms of full-fledged rubber can be obtained from mining, which can be used to make fuel and rubber products. It hardly makes sense to talk about the industrial scale of the enterprise, but it is very possible to establish a small tire processing plant.
The complex itself is relatively small, but its size directly depends on production volumes. So, for processing 5 tons per day, you need a room of 18 squares and 10 meters in height. There must be a warehouse on the site where you will store tires, plastic, etc. There must be a site for the preliminary preparation of raw materials (cleaning, cutting rubber). You can not do without a room for storing finished products. In this case, it all depends on what exactly you get. It could be fuel and so on. For example, for fuel oil, you will need to purchase several large-capacity tanks. They don't have to be new, it's even better to buy used, it's much cheaper. Please note that recycling rubber tires is a difficult and dangerous business. Therefore, technology must be carefully observed. Let's talk about this in more detail.
In fact, there is nothing complicated here, but it is necessary to control the process at all stages of production. At the very beginning, you have to start collecting tires. Then you must take them to the warehouse of your enterprise for further processing. In order not to damage the scissors, which, by the way, are not cheap, it is necessary to inspect all raw materials for the presence of metal objects, such as discs or rings. As for the cutting tool, ideally it should be hydraulic shears, but this is not at all necessary, we will talk about this a little later. Next, the crushed rubber is sent to the reactor - a special tire recycling plant that operates at a given temperature, most often 450 degrees Celsius. Decomposition leads to the fact that we get several semi-finished products, such as gas, metal cord, fuel fraction.
The same gas is used to support combustion in the furnace as a by-product fuel. Its waste is released into the environment. This is not a good solution, but the emission resembles the exhaust gases of a truck. As for the remaining mass, it passes through the magnetic separator, speaking in simple words then sifted through a sieve. Metal elements are screened out and sent to the warehouse. Fuel oil is transported by a conveyor to tanks, in which the fuel will be stored until shipment. It should be noted that the plant for the processing of tires, which allows you to get pyrolysis fuel, is quite expensive - about 2 million rubles. Its productivity is about 5 thousand tons of raw materials per day, which is quite a lot.
And here is another rather interesting idea that has not received proper distribution to date. The essence of such a business is that you will sell shredded and processed rubber, which can be used for different purposes. In order for you to roughly understand what we are talking about, it is necessary to give general indicators in numbers. So, a ton of crumb rubber on Russian market will cost no more than 20,000 rubles. As for the main consumers, these are construction companies, manufacturers of rubber products, roofing materials, coatings for building and sports tools, etc. In principle, it is quite easy to find a point of sale.
It is also necessary to take into account the fact that approximately 700-800 thousand tons of worn tires are thrown away on the territory of the Russian Federation every year. Approximately 20-25% is disposed of properly, everything else is either simply lying in landfills or burned. So, the processing of tires into crumbs can bring 5-8 billion, but this is already an industrial scale. If you are going to be doing this kind of recycling at your plant, then you will need a mechanical crusher. will have to be changed very often, which leads to high costs. Another disadvantage of this idea is that a lot of electricity is consumed, about 500 kilowatts per ton of finished products. Nevertheless, recycling auto tires in this way will be beneficial. But only if you receive appropriate support from the state.
Separately, we need to talk about what our production line will consist of. In principle, there is not so much equipment, and it is not difficult at all. Nevertheless, the price "bites". The main unit is a tire recycling plant (reactor), 10 meters high, 3.5 meters wide, 5 m long. This unit must be installed only in an open area, that is, under open sky. You, as a future entrepreneur, must understand that you will have to pay quite a lot of money for electricity. The reactor itself consumes about 6 kW per hour. In addition, there are also scissors - 7-8 kW / h. In principle, this is practically all the equipment that is necessary to start production. What else is needed is a few crucibles to unload the resulting material.
As noted above, the reactor has a capacity of about 5 tons per day. But of this mass, approximately 40% will be liquid fuel. The fact is that as a result of decomposition, you will get gas (about a ton) and somewhere around 0.5 tons of steel cord. We should not forget about the solid residue (carbon-containing materials), which is approximately 30% of the total output. It is worth paying your attention to the fact that the processing of old tires in the reactor is carried out continuously. All you have to do is add tires. Combustion is supported by the gas produced inside the furnace. The reactor should be operated by two specially trained specialists. In principle, training courses can be completed fairly quickly. Now let's go ahead and look at a few more important points.
This is one of the main aspects that interests absolutely all beginners. You don't need to spend a lot here. If you are going to purchase used equipment (reactor, shears), you can save up to 20% of the total amount. It is worth taking such a step or not, it's up to you. There is no guarantee that a used reactor will not fail after the first heat. In this case, no one will compensate you for the damage. One million rubles should be enough for everything about everything. This includes the cost of a reactor with a capacity of 5 tons / day, as well as shears. In addition, you will need to purchase several tanks (60 tons). If these are used containers, then you will have to pay about 25,000 rubles apiece. How many pieces you need, think for yourself, but you do not need to be limited to one or two tanks. The fact is that the processing of tires into fuel is a seasonal business.
During the period of a decline in fuel prices, it is better not to sell it, but only to accumulate it. When the period of increase comes, and this will happen for sure, you can get a good income by selling all the fuel oil at once. This tactic works and is considered quite effective. But this does not mean at all that you should completely freeze sales, it is enough to reduce them by 50-75%. You still have to pay employees. Four specialists will cost about 60,000 rubles a month, and tools and overalls - another 50,000. There are also regular monthly costs: electricity, taxes, rent, etc.
As you can see, tire recycling technology is quite simple. There are no additives to the fuel, complex chemical reactions and other moments. Moreover, as noted above, the raw materials are completely free. Sometimes even collecting tires can make some money, which will pay off the monthly electricity costs. If you live in the outback, then it is unlikely that you will be paid for disposal, but in big cities the situation is completely different. There are many industries that pay good money to recycle rubber. This is due to the fact that many city dumps refuse to accept such waste. For the processing of a ton of tires, you can get a different amount, from 2 to 5 thousand rubles.
It is safe to say that even recycling tires at home will bring a good income. Thus, consumers are ready to pay 3,000 rubles for a ton of low-quality carbon. Scrap metal is accepted at the rate of 4 thousand rubles per ton, and fuel oil - 3-4 thousand rubles per ton, depending on the period. By simple calculations, you can come to the conclusion that in a month you will earn about 350,000-400,000 rubles. Approximately 50% must be paid for electricity, workers, etc. With such an intensity, the tire recycling line will pay off in six months, which is quite fast. As you can see, the idea is very interesting and promising, but not everything is so simple. In such a business, as, in fact, in any other, there are a lot of pitfalls. Let's see how not to make a mistake.
It happens that it is simply not possible to find a free piece of land. This is due to the fact that it is necessary to maintain a safe distance to residential buildings, which is 300 meters. The farther the plant is from the city, the greater the cost of delivering raw materials, we should not forget about this. Remember that not everyone wants tires to be recycled under their windows. Feedback from ordinary residents will be negative, even if the reactor is located at a distance of 400 meters from residential areas. For this simple reason, look for a place on the production site. Most likely, you will find it, since quite a few sites are empty. All that is required of you is to negotiate directly with the company, as a rule, this is not so difficult to do. At least, it is much easier than to conclude an agreement with firefighters and a sanitary and epidemiological station.
Do not forget that you need a license to get a permit is not difficult, since tires are non-hazardous materials (4th group). But the catch is that your production officially pollutes the atmosphere. Most likely, you will be asked (forcibly) to buy a treatment plant. Its price is usually several times higher than the entire plant. But there are several ways that will help you delay the purchase for a certain time. Experts say that it is not advisable to open an enterprise for the processing of any one material. Like it or not, decide for yourself. In any case, you can always expand your workshop and melt glass, plastic or metal there. According to statistics, 75% of entrepreneurs encounter environmentalists who are wary of this kind of production.
As noted a little above, you will encounter the fact that the item "contingencies" will appear in your business plan. This is due to the fact that it will be necessary to resolve issues with environmentalists and firefighters. For example, to store fuel oil in new tanks, only a protective shield is needed, but used tanks require additional protection. There are special lines for fuel and gas, and fire safety instructions for personnel, and much more. In any case, you need to have a reserve in your budget of several hundred thousand rubles. This will save you a lot of trouble. The expense items are quite large, but we have already considered them, and you probably know what you will be dealing with.
Do not forget that you, as a manager, must not only observe how your employees work, but also perform a number of other equally important tasks. Among these: the constant development and growth of the boundaries of the enterprise, accounting and tax accounting, as well as the adjustment of goals and plans for the near future. In this article, one important point was not mentioned - advertising your product. There are several options here. One of them is to create your own thematic site where you can offer fuel oil, etc. Nobody has canceled ads on poles, stops and stands. Until now, this is a good and effective method to loudly declare yourself. In addition, for a nominal fee, you can rent a billboard and place your advertisement there. By the way, you need to do it wisely. It is important not to overload with unnecessary information, but also to attract the attention of a potential audience.
So we talked with you about what tire recycling is and how to open such a business. As you can see, everything is quite simple, but there are a lot of important points. Sometimes it happens that it is difficult to find a supplier, or the latter refuses to just give away old tires and demands money for them. In principle, you can find another, more acceptable enterprise, where they will only be happy to get rid of excess garbage, and they will even give you money for the road. Sometimes it makes sense to conclude a full-fledged long-term supply contract. So you can eliminate downtime for your business and increase income. But all these points should be discussed directly with the supplier. Remember that it is much more difficult to find a point of sale for tires than a businessman who is ready to buy this garbage. This is due to the fact that in some cities there are no tire recycling reactors at all.
If you get good fuel oil, then aim at city or private boiler houses. There you will be happy to purchase fuel, which is vital for heating water. If you are going to get crumb rubber, then you will need a machine that costs about 500,000 rubles. The cost of electricity per 1 ton of products - 90 kW. The disadvantage of this approach is that a group of knives (40 pieces) wears out after processing hundreds of tires, so they often need to be changed. In principle, for one knife you need to pay only 30 rubles, which is relatively little. So, a unit with a capacity of 20 tires per hour pays off in about six months. The results are the same as in the production of fuel oil. But in the first case, there are fewer problems with environmentalists and firefighters, since we are not dealing with either waste into the atmosphere or liquid fuel. Well, in principle, and all on this topic. The most difficult thing is to start, and then it will be much easier.
Waste disposal is one of the pressing problems of our time - however, few businessmen are able to see the prospects for activities in this direction. The paradox lies in the fact that every year thousands of tons of raw materials disappear in city dumps and landfills, while being an almost free resource for creating a successful and profitable business.
An example of such a business is the processing of tires into crumbs: the price of equipment and the requirements for production space make it possible to quickly deploy an enterprise in fairly modest conditions, and revenues measured in millions leave no room for doubt about the feasibility of investments.
Taking into account that the existing domestic factories are not able to process more than 20–25% of the volume of used tires that end up in landfills every year, it can be assumed that a newly created business in this free niche will not experience difficulties in finding raw materials. This will allow the entrepreneur to pay more attention to the organization of sales and the creation of related production, which allows to receive additional income.
Considering, it should be borne in mind that the disposal of old tires provides for two possible directions: pyrolysis processing and grinding into crumbs. The differences between them are in the equipment used, energy intensity, the amount of start-up capital and the methods of selling finished products.
In pyrolysis plants, the raw material is heated to 450–500°C and decomposed into:
Tires are made from high-quality rubber, which, after mechanical grinding, completely retains such properties as elasticity, strength, resistance to chemical attack. When processing car tires into crumbs, the main products are various fractions - from 0.25 to 5 mm, widely used for the manufacture of:
The steel component of the tire is also separated from the rubber and used as a reinforcing additive for concrete in the construction of buildings and roads, or as a raw material for smelting.
Thus, the processing of used tires into crumbs, as well as pyrolysis recycling, are practically waste-free processes, which make it possible to obtain products that are in high demand in the industry.
Currently, three main technologies for processing tires into crumbs are used:
In the latter case, equipment for processing tires into crumbs is the most affordable for small businesses, since it can be placed on an area of 300–450 m² with a total investment of 4–7 million rubles.
Tire crumb recycling equipment
Maintaining a continuous supply of raw materials is one of the most important tasks in this business: recycling tires into rubber crumb will be profitable when the equipment is fully loaded for at least one eight-hour shift per day. Even a small workshop can process 200-500 kg of rubber per hour - such an enterprise will need a daily supply of at least three to four tons of old tires. To ensure such volumes, it will be necessary to establish contacts with all possible sources:
According to the law, legal entities must pay for the disposal of garbage (including old tires) in the amount of 2000-2500 rubles per ton. Therefore, the offer to recycle tires at a lower cost will be commercially profitable for them.
In addition, the population also experiences problems with the disposal of tires: with the help of organizing a stationary collection point, you can buy them at a mutually beneficial price and constantly provide the plant for processing tires into crumbs with raw materials.
Rubber crumb, textiles and metal cord cannot be attributed to goods that are in demand among retail buyers. Therefore, a business plan for recycling tires into crumbs should provide for the organization of sales through contacts with wholesale buyers or direct deliveries to construction and processing industries.
You can find interested customers using the Internet, participation in specialized exhibitions, sending out commercial offers and personal negotiations. At the same time, it is important to correlate the needs of the customer with the possibilities of its own production - not every company is ready to buy tens of tons of crumb rubber every month.
Recycling tires into crumbs is a business that entrepreneurs and investors are interested in, not only because of its usefulness for the environment, but also because of its acceptable level of profitability, quick payback, and also:
The disadvantages of the business include significant capital investments, as well as the difficulties that arise when looking for regular suppliers and buyers. Therefore, it is advisable to establish the contacts necessary for work before purchasing machines for processing tires into crumbs.
When the enterprise is officially registered, there are no legal subtleties - since 2012, tire recycling activities are not subject to licensing. Of course, to open a business, you need permits from the fire and sanitary services, as well as contracts for the supply of electricity and garbage collection. However, when choosing a form of ownership, some economic factors should be taken into account:
A suitable production facility should include not only the area required for the installation of a tire crumb processing line, but also an area for storing raw materials, as well as a place for storing finished products. A workshop with an area of 350–500 m² and a ceiling height of 5 meters or more, located on the outskirts or outside the city in an industrial area and having good access roads for heavy vehicles, will be acceptable.
Second necessary condition- availability of connection to engineering networks: water supply and power lines with a capacity of at least 120–150 kW.
The third is the remoteness of the enterprise from residential buildings. Due to the noise of production, the sanitary norm here is taken equal to 300 m.
You can find such a room on the territory of former and operating enterprises, bases, warehouse complexes. The rental price here will be acceptable, and the absence of renovation requirements will lead to additional savings.
The average cost of equipment for processing tires into crumbs is determined by both its capacity and the country of production. The advantage of domestic lines over Chinese ones is the availability of services for setting up, starting up, maintaining and repairing machine tools. However, even at the initial level, the processing of 100–200 kg of raw materials per hour requires costs of 1.5–2 million rubles. Unfortunately, such lines are often functionally limited (for example, there is no magnetic separator or cyclone), therefore, to launch a full-fledged enterprise, it is advisable to consider complexes with a capacity of up to 300–500 kg/h, consisting of:
The total price of machines for processing tires into crumbs for the production of such a capacity is 5.5–5.7 million rubles. However, for the needs of the enterprise, the purchase of additional equipment is sometimes required:
Taking into account hand tools, a tire recycling shop can be equipped for 6–6.2 million rubles. However, despite the impressive amount of this amount, investments in production pay off quite quickly.
The process of recycling tires into crumbs with your own hands is technologically simple, and therefore does not require permanent presence highly qualified personnel (except for the repair and maintenance of the line - sharpening knives, replacing conveyor belts or electric motors). 3-4 people can serve such production. In addition to them, the following should be accepted for work:
Given the high cost of equipment for processing tires into rubber crumb, entrepreneurs can turn to the state or private investors for help. For this, it is necessary to develop detailed business plan, which takes into account all associated costs:
The main advantage of recycling used tires into crumb rubber is the minimum price of raw materials. Most often, it is zero, but in some cases, enterprises even pay extra for waste disposal.
The line with a capacity of 400 kg / h allows you to process up to 80 tons of rubber per month, receiving 55 tons of crumbs, 15 tons of metal cord and 10 tons of textiles. When determining income, we can assume that the price of crumb rubber of various fractions is approximately the same: 16–17 rubles per kilogram. The market value of a kilogram of textile is 2 rubles, and of a metal cord - 2.5 rubles.
Thus, the average return on investment in a business at full capacity of the enterprise is 8.5–9 months. The minimum volume of raw materials that needs to be processed in order to recoup current costs is 170 kilograms per hour.
Like any business, recycling old tires comes with certain risks. Some of them are reduced by timely maintenance of the machines, others are unforeseen circumstances:
Organizational risks should be minimized by duplicating supply and marketing channels, searching for new buyers not only in Russia but also abroad, as well as by expanding the scope of activities. For example, homemade tire crumb products can be pressed into tiles and painted, thus producing a practical and safe surface for tennis courts, sports fields and children's playgrounds.
Related videos
Every year, thousands of tires go to landfills and landfills, despite the fact that for an enterprising person they are a free resource from which crumb rubber can be produced.
If it was needed only once, you can buy it in the right amount from manufacturers.
But where can you get crumb rubber if you need it on an ongoing basis and in large quantities?
Consider purchasing your own tire recycling equipment.
However, not everyone can afford a full-fledged installation, and such an investment will not be profitable for everyone. The way out is to create equipment with your own hands, and use it to produce crumb rubber from tires at home.
If you need very little raw materials, you can do without equipment at all.
This will require only scissors and a cutter.
The metal cord is first removed from the tire, then it is divided into strips and crushed into smaller fractions to the required size.
At this point, the process is considered complete.
Material for the design of paths, flower beds or a separate playground is ready to use.
But to get more raw materials or have an income from tire recycling at home, you need the right equipment.
Three main methods of crumb production are used:
The first two methods require large investments. The third option is available to anyone who has the ability and desire to make a crusher at home.
The necessary units can be made independently in the workshop or at the production site - where there are metal-cutting machines (turning, milling) and a welding machine for the manufacture of component parts.
If it is impossible to perform the machining of blanks on your own and you have to order them according to your own drawings, the cost of tire processing machines will still be several times cheaper than similar purchased units.
The main component of the tire recycling line is a shredder (rubber grinder). Let us consider in more detail the purpose of the nodes of this machine.
The machine consists of the following main units:
Details of the installation are mounted on a powerful frame welded from channels.
The main unit of the crusher for rubber is the body with milling rolls.
Wherein cutting knives made of high-strength steel and heat-treated, which significantly reduces their wear. They practically do not require sharpening during operation.
The calculation of the openings of the box, shafts and cutting elements must be accurate, so it must be done by a specialist in this field (designer).
In order to obtain a calibrated fraction of tire raw materials, shredders are equipped with a special grate, which is installed under the rolls.
The rotation of the shafts with disk cutters is carried out separately, directly from the worm gearboxes connected to the electric motors through couplings.
The gear ratio is selected from 25 to 35 so that the cutting is without sticking and at a sufficient speed.
The frame is welded from profile elements, ensures the reliability and stability of the unit during operation, as well as loading and unloading operations.
The tire recycling plant is equipped with a tire loading hopper and a tray for removing finished crumb rubber.
Thanks to its design, the hopper eliminates the formation of blockages from the raw materials and guarantees a directed movement of the mass towards the rotating rolls.
The tire cutting and cord removal plant consists of a carrier frame and a stand.
On the carcass is a tire clamping mechanism that rotates with the tire during cutting. The engine speed is reduced due to the different diameter of the pulleys. There is a built-in wedge-shaped cutter on the stand, which is adjusted to a certain size by moving the quill.
The technological chain consists of several preparatory stages before the production of the required fraction is obtained.
This procedure includes:
The work of these two main units during the processing of tires is done in a semi-automatic mode.
For the normal operation of this line, a room of about 150-200 square meters is required. meters. This is due to the fact that you need a place for the location of not only equipment, but also for storing worn tires, finished tire products and metal waste.
The output of rubber crumb on this equipment per hour will be approximately 200-800 kg and up to 100 kg of scrap metal, 2-3 unskilled workers will be needed to service the machines.
In addition to tires, this equipment can process other rubber (conveyor belt, cameras, gas masks). The output is a crumb with sizes from 0.7 to 4 mm, while it is 65-85% of the total mass of raw materials.
Rubber crumb can be:
The price of crumbs will depend mainly on the quality of raw materials, and secondarily on the fraction.
The most popular is the crumb, the fraction of which is 2-4 mm.
It's great for creating:
The popularity of such crumbs is due to the fact that the minimum amount of glue is used to glue these granules. A polyurethane binder is sometimes 5-8 times more expensive than crumbs.
In this video you can see how to grind rubber and make crumbs at home.
Making a tire crusher with your own hands - a good idea for those who want to make rubber crumb with their own hands, but are not ready to spend tens of thousands of dollars on equipment.
You can create a chopper with a carpentry workshop, as well as certain skills and materials, or use the services of people who specialize in this.
The crumb obtained at home can be used for your own needs or sold to enterprises and the public.
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In recent years, the use of crumb rubber and materials made on its basis for decorating sites, organizing paths, and covering roofs of houses has become fashionable. You can also use crumb rubber to create waterproofing for building foundations. In order to use crumb rubber elements on your site, you can contact a company that professionally works with crumb rubber. However, working with this material is not so difficult. If desired, and if you have free time, crumb rubber can be made at home with your own hands.
There are two ways to go about solving this issue. Path number one relies on the transition of rubber to a brittle state at low temperatures. If at home it is possible to cool the source material for preparing crumbs to a temperature of -70 ... -80 degrees Celsius, then it will be possible to obtain crumbs from any type of source materials. However, solving this problem at home is not so easy.
Path number two is the competent selection of source material. As we know, crumbs can be obtained from tires and tubes from car wheels. But tires are very difficult to grind under normal conditions, and it is also difficult to extract the metal cord from them later. For this reason, to obtain crumb rubber at home, it is better to use old worn-out cameras as raw materials. This material can be easily cut with the help of improvised tools available in any home.
At the initial stage, it is necessary to prepare a sufficient amount of raw materials, i.e. old car cameras and the appropriate cutting tool. For the manufacture of a coating with an area of one square meter and a thickness of 10 mm, about 8 kg of crumb rubber is needed. In the production of crumbs from old chambers, the loss of material by weight is minimal. Thus, it is necessary to prepare the source material at the rate of 8 kg of old cameras per 1 square meter of coverage.
To grind rubber, you can use ordinary scissors or an ax. If desired, you can build special guillotine shears. In extreme cases, you can organize the cutting of cameras with a fairly sharp knife.
Crumb production must be performed according to the following algorithm:
rezinovaja-kroshka.ru
Every motorist knows that the disposal of used tires is a serious problem. However, recycling tires at home has several options. Let's consider some of them.
There are many examples of the creation of original sculptures from used tires, used to decorate the garden, or as an independent work of art. Garden variations can be embodied in the form of swans, garden vases, etc.
The "pattern" is extremely simple and understandable. And the created images are very similar to living prototypes.
There is also a more artistic attitude to rubber waste. From them, as from clay, the conceived sculpture is literally “molded”. You can, for example, sculpt a horse, and, moreover, such a hot one that will cause the approval of other venerable sculptors.
Yet for most, tire recycling at home involves the use of waste rubber for the benefit of the home and its economy. There are several nuances here.
Firstly, you can use used tires for the home, as they are.
Secondly, the product of their primary processing obtained at small and large enterprises can be used in the household.
Thirdly, it is possible to organize a production within the framework of a private, home-based company, which is engaged in the actual primary processing of tires.
Tires are known to be one of the finest building materials. Some craftsmen used tires from Belaz as a support, a foundation under a garden house. And prudent owners can use tires as elements:
Tire recycling is carried out in stages:
semi-finished product used for different types production, rubber crumb serves. You can make fuel out of it, or you can make tiles, moreover, both for asphalt and for roofing. It is also used for the production of shoes, sports ground surfaces, etc.
In the household, you can even use a crumb in the form of a semi-finished product - it is sprinkled with paths along the lawns. You can also use rubber roofing for your home.
Tires are crushed - either in a state cooled to -70 ... -80 degrees, when the rubber becomes brittle, or at normal temperature - but with a more powerful tool. To obtain fuel, rubber is subjected to a pyrolysis operation.
This is an environmentally hazardous process. Equipment, space maintenance, organizing the collection of raw materials and finding buyers, attracting significant funds - all this is completely associated with a small "private shop" where tire recycling would be profitable.
As part of household It is quite difficult for a car enthusiast to recycle tires. To do this, you need to be a very big enthusiast. But maybe you will be lucky enough to find a unique way to use bad tires.
www.business-equipment.ru
The service life of car tires is quite short, after which they must be replaced.
Disposal of worn-out tires is a big problem for the ecology of the whole world.
Every year the number of used cars increases by almost 10%.
Obviously tires need to be recycled.
In this article, we will consider the following questions:
Not only worn-out tires, but also any other used rubber products can serve as raw materials for rubber crumb production.
In practice, only two main methods are used to obtain crumb rubber from used tires:
Let's consider both methods separately.
This technology for grinding car tires and other rubber waste into crumbs was invented relatively recently.
The processing process consists in cooling products to ultra-low temperatures, followed by crushing by a shock wave.
Cryogenic chambers are used for freezing, and the shock wave is formed by a special electrical device or detonation of a small amount of explosive.
This technology for recycling used car tires requires the installation of expensive equipment, which is economically beneficial only for large enterprises with large volumes of raw materials.
This is a classic technology for processing tires into crumb rubber, which, unlike the first, is used everywhere.
The essence of the process lies in the phased mechanical action on the raw material to obtain the required fraction of crumb rubber and by-products.
There are several methods for recycling tires by mechanical action:
The most popular method is conventional mechanical grinding with normal temperature.
This technology is classic and is great for organizing small enterprises for recycling used car tires.
With the necessary equipment, this technology makes it possible to obtain crumb rubber of any fraction up to a dusty substance.
The whole tire recycling process can be divided into several stages, each of which uses a certain type of machine tools and mechanisms.
The main technological stages of crushing tires and the types of equipment used in each of them:
This is the classical scheme of the technological process of crushing tires into crumbs at normal temperature with an approximate list of machines and mechanisms.
The number of processing stages can be reduced or increased depending on what equipment will be used and what kind of crumbs you need to get at the exit.
Transportation of raw materials from one technological operation to another can be carried out both manually and automatically.
If the movement of tires, pieces of rubber, chips and crumb rubber is carried out using belt and screw conveyors, then the whole complex of equipment for recycling old tires, in fact, becomes a production line.
For the organization of a small recycling workshop, the installation of an automatic line is the best solution.
There are a lot of offers on the tire recycling equipment market.
Russian and foreign manufacturers offer both fully equipped lines and plants, as well as individual machines, devices and mechanisms. The price will depend on the type and performance of the unit.
Consider the minimum set of what is needed for recycling tires into crumbs.
This is the first unit in the entire technological chain of tire grinding. Its purpose is to remove the landing rings from the tire.
The principle of operation of bead removal machines is based on:
Each of the methods does not have any advantages over the others.
Further processing of the removed rings is carried out on pressing machines, where the metal base is squeezed out and the remaining rubber is crushed in the general flow.
The production line may include several such devices:
The magnetic separator removes the chopped remains of the metal court from the crumb rubber.
The principle of operation of this device is simple: a powerful electromagnet pulls metal waste from the mass of raw materials and sends them to a receiving hopper.
Removal of textile residues takes place in a cyclone-type air separator, where a powerful air stream simply blows light textile fluff into a receiving hopper.
Read more about textile and metal cord, as well as where it can be used with benefits, read here.
Tire recycling complexes include at least two vibrating screens: coarse and fine cleaning.
On the first device, large, not completely processed, pieces of rubber are screened out, and on the second, the standard fraction of rubber crumb is separated.
A vibrating sieve is a device consisting of a table with holes corresponding to the crumb fraction to be separated, and a mechanism that vibrates the table at a certain frequency.
Tire recycling lines and plants include belt conveyors to move tires, pieces of rubber and crumb rubber from one process step to another.
Some manufacturers use screw conveyors in their lines to move and pack finished crumb rubber. In addition, automatic tire recycling lines are equipped with bunkers, security systems and process control.
All of the above equipment is equipped with automatic lines for processing old tires into crumb rubber.
The number of machines and mechanisms depends on the volume of production and the final type of product that needs to be obtained as a result of processing.
Crumb rubber itself, obtained by recycling old car tires, is an intermediate product. Raw materials, depending on their fraction, are used in the manufacture of the following products:
Granulate is also added to asphalt mixtures, obtaining a strong and durable road surface.
From fine crumbs, it is possible to produce various rubber products by hot pressing, namely:
In addition, it can serve as an additive in the manufacture of new tires, thereby reducing its cost.
The entrepreneur receives not only rubber crumb, but also grinding by-products: metal court and textiles, which are also liquid goods. They can be sold and get additional profit.
As you can see, there are ample opportunities for the tire recycling business in terms of marketing products, because the need for it is very high in many industries.
Tire granulate can be easily purchased in online stores, building supermarkets or ordered directly from the manufacturer.
But for those who want to open their own small home business or just make a pavement for the paths in the garden with their own hands, the issue of self-production becomes relevant.
In this case, it makes no sense to purchase expensive equipment for the processing of tires.
There will be no problems with raw materials for making rubber crumb at home. It is enough to walk around the neighbors, who will gladly take out the used tires from the garage and get rid of them.
The simplest set of equipment and tools for grinding tires and other rubber products can be made by hand with minimal investment.
As mentioned above, rubber can be crushed mechanically or by freezing to a low temperature.
The latter option for the home is unacceptable, since it will be necessary to purchase an expensive low-temperature chamber to cool the raw materials.
For the home, the best solution would be mechanical cutting and grinding rubber to a crumb state. In a separate article, we told how to make equipment for these purposes.
One of the manufacturers made an interesting and informative video about recycling tires into crumbs, we offer you to see the process with your own eyes:
Rubber crumb is a multifunctional material necessary for a person in many fields of activity. Its huge plus is that it can be made from old tires, thereby giving a second life to obsolete products.
Recycling rubber is easy, equipment for this purpose is available everywhere.
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How do you think, how can you make money on some types of household waste, not counting, of course, services for its disposal? For example, on old, unnecessary car tires? It should be noted that there are really a lot of options.
Just like plastic bottles, tires can be used to make garden decorations (flower beds, animal figurines, swings, sculptures, and much more). In general, collecting (or buying up) and recycling car tires turned out to be a very profitable business, especially if you approach it with a certain amount of imagination and using various modern technologies.
Based on the fact that such a large amount of raw material remains unclaimed, it can be said that competition in this type of business is relatively small, even miserable. And finally, the most important thing is that the products obtained as a result of the processing of automobile tires are in high demand now, and will be in demand for at least another hundred years. So, if you wish, you can pass your established business to your grandchildren.
People have long begun to think about the recycling of used tires from cars, which increase by a huge amount every year. But no solution has been found. Of the total number of used tires, only a fifth is recycled. There are only recycling points for these old tires. Helping improve surrounding ecology you can earn some money on this.
Worn-out car tires are quite valuable polymeric materials. A ton of used rubber contains about seven hundred kilograms of rubber that can be reused, for example, as fuel, various rubber technical products and building materials.
At the same time, if such a ton of tires is burned, then two hundred and seventy kilograms of soot and four hundred and fifty kilograms of toxic emissions will violate the environment. It is unprofitable and very difficult to recycle tires economically on the scale of a large industry. But, according to manufacturers of mobile equipment for recycling, such production in a mini-enterprise can be a huge success and a good profit.
Such a small factory is a prefabricated equipment, which covers an area of about eighteen square meters, its height is ten meters. This equipment is capable of processing about five tons of consumables per day.
Moreover, the production area includes warehouses for worn materials (plastics and tires), an area for the preparation of raw materials (cutting tires into pieces), as well as a warehouse for finished materials such as liquid fuels, carbon black, and scrap metal storage.
What can be obtained from the old "rubber".
What is most surprising is that the process of recycling automotive rubber is itself a final process, leaving almost no waste behind. Let's see what you can get as a result of recycling old tires:
Rubber crumb, which is used in the production of various gaskets and seals (including for sanitary purposes), shoe soles, rubber mats, rubber roofing (you can find out about liquid rubber for roofing here), Novotek seamless coatings, as an additive to asphalt , filler for punching bags, and for many other purposes.
n24.by
The need to recycle used tires arose due to the rapid growth in the number of cars in most developed countries. The number of used tires is growing every year, so the problem of their disposal has become an acute problem for the authorities of the states. Tire recycling equipment is not cheap.
Special factories and enterprises for their processing are being built. They solve the environmental and economic problem associated with the disposal of obsolete car tires. This waste tire business is already growing by leaps and bounds today. First of all, this is facilitated by a large amount of inexpensive raw materials.
A tire processing plant is being built near the place of sale of the product obtained after processing, namely: rubber crumb, saw, steel cord, fuel oil. A tire recycling plant is a cost-effective solution to the problem. It is located at the place of accumulation of raw materials or near the plant, the production in need of recyclables. The main thing is that the tire recycling plant should be located at a distance of more than 300 meters from the located residential buildings.
The plant is equipped with special equipment for the production of crumb rubber. To open a business in this area, investments are needed, however, due to the small number of competitors and the demand for this raw material, all investments pay off in the near future.
Equipment for rubber processing is a plant - a reactor. It is installed in a specially designated open area.
Medium tire shredding equipment has the following capacity:
The volume of tires to be shredded is 5 tons per day. Processed products serve as raw materials for many types of production. The reactor itself operates using gas, which itself is capable of producing during the processing of used tires. The installation is low maintenance, it only needs two people for one shift. To work on such an installation, employees of the enterprise must pass special training and study the features of the process.
Tire recycling products include:
Rubber recycling can be done in several ways. The choice of method ultimately determines the appearance and demand for the resulting product. The paragraph will not deal with landfilling. Despite the fact that this option is the simplest, at the same time, the crumb plant causes the least harm to the environment.
There are four main recycling methods:
In recent years, business in this area has been gaining momentum, it is especially popular in European countries, since it is there that society takes environmental protection most seriously.
Another clear advantage that this business is famous for is the purchase of inexpensive equipment for processing tires into crumbs. You can organize a recycling plant with your own hands in any room, even in your own garage.
The tire recycling line produces crumb rubber for business, it is considered environmentally friendly due to the absence of emissions into the atmosphere or into the ground.
The line and all equipment must be made in accordance with the requirements of the Russian Federation, which were put forward for equipment of this type:
The whole line for processing tires into crumbs consists of sectors:
This is how the process of recycling tires into crumbs, which serves as a secondary raw material for further production, looks like. It is not difficult to organize this recycling business. This is due to the relative cheapness of equipment and fast deadlines payback. The main mission of this business is to protect the environment.
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It should be noted that this rubber waste is a flammable material, and if a huge number of tires ignite, they can pose a threat of poisoning to everyone nearby, since rubber, when burned, releases carcinogenic toxins, such as benzpyrene. Storage in landfills leads to the reproduction of rodents and insects, which are sources of dangerous infections. To avoid the deterioration of the environmental situation in Russia and abroad, proper disposal is required, namely, waste processing.
Without constant recycling, an environmental crisis could set in very soon.
Powder from waste of larger fractions is used in the production of composite roofing materials, rubber-bitumen mastic, waterproofing materials, and rubber coatings. Scrap metal is obtained from a metal cord, which is also used by Russian entrepreneurs.
Also, textiles and rubber are obtained from tires.
According to one of the scenarios, the rubber should be cooled to a temperature of approximately -75 ° C. Agree, not everyone has such an opportunity. So let's use the traditional scenario:
The rubber grinder in this case is an ax or scissors.
Most professional method.
The technological line is a sequence of installed working devices, overcoming which the material becomes a finished product.
Processing into crumb rubber goes through three stages:
Today, there are a sufficient number of manufacturers of this equipment on the Russian market.
There is also an effective but costly physical chemical method processing tires into crumb rubber - cryogenic grinding of automobile tires. Crushing of rubber is carried out in a special cooling chamber at extremely low temperatures (up to - 120 ° C). A refrigerant (liquid nitrogen) is supplied to this chamber, cooling to ultra-low temperatures.
In conditions of strong cooling, the rubber acquires a glassy state. Crushing of rubber occurs when struck with a special hammer.
After grinding, textiles and metal are removed from crumb rubber.
Recycling of automobile tires to obtain crumb rubber is carried out in several stages: Note that the processing of rubber can be both crumb and diesel fuel. But the latter option requires serious material investments. This process consists of sorting and subsequent grinding of tires, and then the selected and prepared material is loaded into a special reactor, which is extracted from recycled materials at high temperatures fuel.
This is not a good solution, but the emission resembles the exhaust gases of a truck.
As for the remaining mass, it passes through a magnetic separator, in simple words, it is sifted through a sieve. Metal elements are screened out and sent to the warehouse.
Fuel oil is transported by a conveyor to tanks, in which the fuel will be stored until shipment.
Based on the chosen method of tire recycling, different products can be obtained: Let us consider the process of tire recycling using the example of crumb rubber production, which has a wide range of applications. So, the process consists of the following steps: In the future, the resulting crumb can be converted into fuel / gas / fuel oil.
