The main contraindications to sports for people with myopia.
Many people think that myopia does not interfere with sports, but they are deeply mistaken. As with other complex diseases, with myopia, special attention should be paid to the approach to choosing a sport and permissible loads.
For nearsighted people, it is imperative to correctly identify contraindications. Doctors should monitor the condition of the organ of vision. Sports can have a good effect on the condition of the eyes in myopia and help to stabilize it, but they can also have a bad effect on the eyes and blind. It depends on the degree of myopia, as well as on the structure of the chosen sport and sports loads.
Myopia (myopia, from the Greek "myo" - squint and "opsis" - look) - a change in the round shape of the eye to an oval one, due to which the refraction of light is disturbed inside it, and the light rays passing through the eyeball are focused in front of the retina, and not on her. Therefore, objects that are far away, myopic people see blurry. In this case, the retinal cells located in the zone of maximum light sensitivity are rarefied and stretched. This is the main reason why doctors ban jumping, hitting, straining, and traumatic brain injury because of the high risk of retinal tear or detachment.
With farsightedness, for example, the eye is not elongated, but flattened, and the retina does not stretch as critically as with myopia. Therefore, farsighted people in sports are almost always given the green light, at least by ophthalmologists.
However, the diagnosis of "myopia" in itself is not a final verdict that puts an end to sports. First, it is congenital and acquired. The second, of course, is more dangerous.
Secondly, the degree of myopia matters. Officially distinguished:
Up to 3 diopters, as a rule, there are no restrictions on physical activity. From 5 diopters - doctors carefully give permission for sports, even in the absence of degenerative changes in the fundus. In this case, novice athletes will have to forget about weightlifting, boxing, all types of wrestling, acrobatics and gymnastics. Over 6 diopters - maximum restrictions, regardless of sports categories and achievements.
Thirdly, this gradation is very conditional, since it is possible to have progressive myopia with vision of -1 (when it increases by one or more diopters in a year). Then the doctor will think well about what conclusion to give you. And you can walk with -3 all your life, do boxing, wrestling and iron pulling, while your eyes will feel great. Well, maybe not quite perfect, but no less than -3.
And, fourthly, summarizing the previous two points, restrictions on sports are not imposed in accordance with the degree of myopia, but based on changes inside the eye. For example, it is much worse and more dangerous when, with mild myopia, hemorrhages are visible in the fundus and the retina is weakened than a stable state with average myopia.
With non-progressive myopia, you must definitely engage in some kind of sport. If it is not possible to go in for sports with glasses and contact lenses, then glasses can be removed during exercise. If you cannot use glasses, and visual acuity is necessary, then in such cases you need to use contact lenses that are worn directly on the eyeball.
When developing myopia, you can not engage in sports with great physical stress (boxing, wrestling, weightlifting, etc.).
If a person has myopia greater than 4 diopters, then doctors should not let him go to sports. Myopia can also progress during exercise, in which case the athlete should stop playing sports or reduce the load.
Sports activities can positively influence the stabilization of vision. Sports games, swimming, skiing, mountain sports give them big pluses.
With limited physical activity in nearsighted people, there is a deterioration in the blood supply to various organs, including the eyes, and a deterioration in the ability to accommodate. At the same time, as the researchers note, not all physical exercises will be useful for people with myopia. The most useful are cyclic exercises of medium intensity (running, swimming), in which the heart rate remains at the level of 100-140 beats per minute. By causing blood flow to the eyes, these exercises improve the functioning of the ciliary muscle of the eye and normalize the circulation of intraocular fluid. Cyclic high-intensity exercises, as well as acrobatics, jumping, exercises on gymnastic apparatus, causing an increase in heart rate up to 180 beats per minute, lead to significant long-term eye ischemia, therefore, they are contraindicated in myopic people.
A decrease in general physical activity and physical inactivity, combined with significant visual stress, often found in schoolchildren and students, contributes to the development and progression of myopia. To prevent the onset and treatment of myopia in children and young people, a combination of physical exercises aimed at general development is shown with special exercises that improve blood circulation in the eyes and cause strengthening of the ciliary muscle.
In order to correctly assess the possibility of engaging in certain types of physical education and sports, it is necessary to focus on the existing criteria for dividing students and schoolchildren into groups in accordance with the degree of myopia and the presence or absence of complications and changes in the fundus. According to this method, the main, preparatory and special groups for physical education are distinguished. Students with farsightedness or myopia above 6 diopters, chronic or degenerative eye diseases and changes in the fundus should be engaged in an individual program under the supervision of a doctor in a special group. All students with hyperopia or myopia from 3 to 6 diopters should be sent to the preparatory group. If the refractive errors do not exceed 3 diopters, students can attend physical education classes in the main group.
Students and schoolchildren with a weak degree of myopia or hypermetropia benefit from sports games, during which there is a constant switching of vision alternately to near and far distances. Sports such as volleyball, basketball or table tennis have a positive effect on the accommodative ability of the eyes and train the eye muscles, prevent the progression of pathological changes in the organ of vision.
Students with an average degree of myopia or hyperopia should limit the intensity of physical education, as well as such types of physical activity as jumping (long, high, from a tower, etc.). Their physical education classes must be supplemented with special exercises aimed at strengthening the muscles of the eye, gymnastics for the eyes, and physiotherapy exercises.
With a high degree of myopia, complications and changes in the fundus, a significant limitation of the types of physical activity is shown. Myopia and sports are not compatible in cases of engaging in such sports disciplines as boxing and wrestling, jumping, tennis and football, skiing, weightlifting, cycling or equestrianism. Dosed cyclic exercises under the supervision of a doctor (running, swimming, walking, shooting, rowing, fencing) will be useful.
To improve vision, patients with mild to moderate myopia should perform the following exercises daily, aimed at strengthening muscles. It is necessary to include the “mark on the glass” exercise in all complexes for training the ciliary muscle.
Example exercises to improve vision:
A) The exercise is done while standing, the hands are placed on the back of the head. First, raise your hands up, bend, then return to the current position. Do 7 times.
B) Circular movements of the head 4 times to the left and 4 to the right.
C) Self-massage of the muscles of the back of the neck and the back of the head for 60 seconds.
D) Circular eye movements. Perform slowly first to the left, then to the right for about 1 minute.
E) Closing your eyes, gently press your fingers on the eyeballs for about 35-45 seconds.
E) Exercise "mark on the glass." It is necessary to perform about 1-2 minutes, training the muscles of the eye, first the left, then the right, and then together.
G) Closing your eyes, stroke the eyelids from the outer corners to the nose, and then back for about 40-45 seconds.
H) Perform rapid blinking for about 25-30 seconds.
I) Sit with your eyes closed for about 60 seconds, perform abdominal breathing.
Save to social networks:In modern society, a person with vision problems has more and more opportunities to play sports and improve physically. Poor vision does not mean complete relief from stress. Restriction of physical activity for people suffering from myopia (myopia) is recognized as incorrect. Scientists have come to the conclusion that the lack of sports or physical education often provokes (as one of the factors) myopia or aggravates its progression. Physical exercises raise the general tone, activate various processes in the body. Physical inactivity does not allow the body to fully develop and perform its functions. In many ways, whether myopia will stabilize depends on lifestyle.
In nearsighted people, more often than in healthy people, there are changes in the musculoskeletal system - a violation of posture, scoliosis, flat feet. This is due to the wrong posture when reading and writing, rapid fatigue of the muscles of the neck and back. Violation of posture worsens the state of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems of the body. Hence the need for sports or physical education.
Choose a sport
When choosing a sport, you need to take into account age, general physical fitness, degree of myopia and health status. Only the attending physician can accurately determine the possibility of active sports. Most sports are contraindicated for complicated myopia, changes in the fundus, eye diseases. Also, with any sports, it is necessary to remember about spectacle or contact vision correction.
Cyclic sports, such as running, swimming, skiing, activate blood flow to the cornea and the work of the muscles of the eye. Undesirable prolonged shooting, tourism with carrying a heavy backpack. With high and moderate degrees of myopia, weight lifting (more than 5 kilograms), jumping, visual overload should be completely excluded. The press can only be pumped from a horizontal position.
This is useful
General strengthening exercises are useful, such as walking at an average pace lasting 30-45 minutes, slow running (jogging) not to the point of fatigue, slow cycling. Good results for improving the condition of the eyes are given by playing ball and tennis. Constant switching of vision when playing volleyball, basketball from close to far and back helps prevent the progression of myopia.
Rowing, sailing, fencing can be useful not only for the eyes, but also for the overall harmonious development of a person.
Also, when playing sports, it is necessary to observe a rational and vitamin-enriched diet.
What is contraindicated?
Completely contraindicated for any degree of myopia: boxing, wrestling, gymnastics, football, weightlifting and diving. These sports put a lot of strain on the eyes. Such types of physical activity as motorcycling, motorized skiing, skiing, since the orientation in space of a visually impaired person is weakened, can lead to serious injuries.
Classes in fitness centers are difficult to attribute to any of the sports. The loads in this case can be significant, but, as in most cases, people with complicated myopia and high myopia need to be carefully engaged in fitness.
When playing sports in people with visual impairment, the progression of eye diseases is possible. Therefore, it should be noted that in order to avoid possible eye injuries, special glasses or contact lenses should be used in all cases of spectacle correction.
Sports glasses
For many athletes, glasses are a serious hindrance, as they do not guarantee full vision correction, they can be damaged and lead to serious injuries. Now sports glasses have become not only an attribute necessary for athletes, but also a detail of the image.
The main requirements for the frames of sports glasses are strength, flexibility, increased comfort and reliable fixation. Spectacles for people involved in sports should have parameters such as flexible, modifiable bridges of the nose, special geometry of frames and lenses to increase the field of view. Special devices are needed to keep the frame on the face, and the lenses in the frame (even with strong shocks and shaking).
For people leading an active lifestyle, frames of an adjacent shape and durable frames of increased comfort and reliability with polycarbonate lenses for non-contact sports and driving are suitable.
Modern sports frames are made from metals (such as titanium, steel) and plastics (such as cellulose acetate and propinate, polyamides, carbon fiber) - all of which are highly flexible and durable. Many sports eyewear companies prefer combinations of metal and plastic.
Rubber and silicone are widely used for the bridge of the nose and the tips of the temples in order to increase comfort and more secure fit. For maximum safety and comfort, flex mounts are used, usually deeply recessed into the temple and protected from external influences. For many models, special straps or elastic bands are used instead of temples. For sports glasses, lenses are used in various colors, most often they are light filters, since the eyes must be protected from ultraviolet rays, water drops, etc., depending on the characteristics of the chosen sport.
Sport is increasingly ceasing to be the lot of a minority, physical exercise is becoming fashionable and necessary for a self-sufficient person. Myopia is not a sentence that means a sedentary lifestyle, but just another catalyst for self-improvement.
Valeria TEMKINA
Eye ailments are not a reason to give up sports
But according to the results of recent clinical studies, this is completely wrong.
Physical exercise and certain sports are very important for people with myopia. They perform the following functions:
contribute to the development of the body in a positive quality; activate the work of many functions in the body.
The increased performance of the ciliary muscle and the strengthening of the sclera are provoked precisely by the right physical activity.
This is how the beam is projected
Whether or not you are allowed to engage in a certain type of physical activity does not depend on the presence of the disease, but on the stage of its development.
Quite often, patients are interested in whether it is possible to swim with the presence of myopia.
Water is a versatile training medium for poor distance vision
Doctors say that at a weak or medium stage of pathology development (up to 6 diopters) without concomitant diseases, this type of physical activity is allowed.
But: training should be moderate with an average form of deviation in the work of the optical system so that the pulse does not exceed 140 beats per minute.
It is better to give preference to moderate-intensity workouts
Important: Strong loads with poor distance vision, especially over 6 diopters, are prohibited, because there is a risk of retinal detachment, which already threatens blindness.
With an average intensity and regularity of swimming lessons, you can even improve the condition of the organs of vision.
Patients often ask an ophthalmologist if it is possible to shake hands with myopia.
Power loads should be done with care
Inflating the arms for the development of the muscles of the forearm and trapezius is possible only at a weak and moderate stage of development of an ophthalmic deviation.
This type of physical activity does not belong to heavy loads initially, but in the future, so you need to find the perfect balance.
In order not to harm the eyes and get the effect of exercise, it is worth increasing the load more slowly than the norm for a healthy person.
If you are still concerned about the emerging risk, it will not be superfluous to consult an ophthalmologist. The doctor will already recommend further actions.
The help of a coach is a must
With underdeveloped myopia, such physical activity is not harmful to the eyes. The main thing is not to be too zealous.
Regular exercise means a lot to a modern person.
In order for the body to be in good physical shape, the mood is always excellent, and the internal organs function as they should, it is necessary to systematically strengthen the body.
Healthy eating also means a lot.
However, sometimes some types of sports activities are contraindicated due to impaired body functions. That is why ophthalmologists often hear questions about whether it is possible to play sports with myopia.
Moderate cyclic exercises are useful for myopia and do not harm the eyes. Moreover, they even have benefits in accelerating metabolic processes.
Sports that are allowed in violation of eye function up to 8 diopters include:
run; yoga; swimming; skiing; surfing.
Athletics has a positive effect on the body with myopia
High-intensity exercise is contraindicated due to increased heart rate and strain, which negatively affects the eyes.
Myopia and sports can coexist, but if you treat this tandem with full responsibility and caution.
Important: Weightlifting in ophthalmic pathology with a deviation of more than 4 diopters is strictly prohibited.
In children with a decrease in physical activity and an increase in visual, myopia may develop.
That is why you should not forbid the baby to play his favorite sport if he has a genetic predisposition to this eye disease.
Diagnostics plays an important role
Important: If a child has already been diagnosed with myopia, it is worth including him in a special group of physical training, which is available in every school.
Properly calculated load during sports with myopia benefits both the body and the eyes.
You should not completely abandon an active lifestyle, even with a high level of myopia.
Yoga with individually selected classes, like gymnastics, will keep the body in good shape, and will not harm the eyes.
Yoga classes are ideal for those with poor distance vision.
Consultation on what kind of loads are allowed at different stages of the disease can be obtained from an ophthalmologist and a competent trainer in any sports center.
Also, do not forget to do gymnastics for the eyes.
Also check out this video on this topic:
If you need expert advice, please contact:
Are myopia and sports compatible? Previously, there was only one answer to this question - of course not. However, with a competent approach to this problem, certain physical exercises are not only not prohibited, but even indicated, since they will help strengthen the vessels of the eye and stabilize the condition. With a complete rejection of any physical activity, muscle relaxation occurs, a decrease in tone throughout the human body.
The first restrictions on physical activity are imposed at school during physical education classes. The health group is determined depending on the degree of myopia and the presence of degenerative changes in the fundus. There are 3 health groups for physical education, which provide for the restriction of physical activity and exemption from them:
The first group of health, the main. Includes children with normal vision and less than 0.5 deterioration in acuity if uncorrected. Children with established hypermetropia and myopia over 3 diopters are not allowed in the group. The second group of health, preparatory. It includes children with vision below 0.5 diopters, subject to correction. It is forbidden to visit the second health group for children who have myopia and hypermetropia over 6 diopters. Neither the first nor the second health group can include children with inflammatory and degenerative eye diseases. The third group of health, specialized. Provides for exemption from physical education and conducting classes according to an individual program. A visit to this health group is recommended for children with myopia and hypermetropia over 6 diopters, degenerative changes in the fundus and chronic inflammatory processes.
Depending on the degree of progression of the disease, in each case, you can choose special exercises that can help strengthen the eye muscles and normalize the circulation of intraocular fluid.
Indeed, in the absence of physical exertion, including on the muscles of the eyes, their weakening and even atrophy occur. With the loads that the eyes are exposed to during the educational process, myopia can increase significantly. Very often this happens in higher education institutions, where there is a very rich curriculum.
Eye exercises
Myopia is not a diagnosis in which you cannot move. Cyclic exercises are very useful for blood circulation and muscle strengthening. The main thing is not to exceed the recommended intensity and duration. In this case, the main indicator is the pulse rate.
With a weak and moderate degree of myopia, it is necessary to give preference to exercises in which the pulse does not exceed 100-140 beats per minute. This can include jogging and moderate-intensity swimming.
Some sports games give good results - pioneer ball, volleyball, basketball, table tennis, etc. In this case, a person must carefully monitor the ball, which is either close or far, and switch vision. This contributes to increased accommodation and is a successful prevention of further progression of the disease.
While studying at school, children often attend a variety of clubs and sports sections. The diagnosis of myopia should not become an obstacle in the way of the child to be on a par with peers. However, before finally deciding on the choice of a particular sport, one should take into account the intensity of the load and the existing contraindications.
When choosing a sport, it is necessary to take into account the degree of myopia and the presence of changes in the fundus. The most important is the 2nd factor, since it indicates the progression of the disease and the appearance of degenerative-dystrophic changes.
boxing; struggle; tennis; sports and rhythmic gymnastics; Ski jumping; ski biathlon.
With an average degree of myopia, contraindications are not so extended, especially in the absence of any changes in the fundus. However, it is still not recommended to engage in sports that require large and prolonged physical exertion. In addition, it is necessary to exclude exercises in which you need to jump from a height of more than 1.5 m.
Mild myopia does not imply any special restrictions, except for those that are imposed with any degree of the disease. It is recommended to choose cyclic sports without large and prolonged loads. It is not allowed to increase the heart rate by more than 180 beats per minute during exercise. Therefore, it is better to give preference to calmer sports:
running; race walking; swimming; rowing; fencing; shooting, etc.
However, even though cyclic sports are useful for strengthening the muscles of the eye, one must be careful. Acrobatics, gymnastic exercises on apparatuses, jumping to any height should be avoided, as this can lead to the development of ischemia.
If a person wears lenses, this is not a contraindication to sports. While doing some sports, you can not even take them off.
It is possible to stabilize myopia, prevent its further progression and deterioration of vision with the help of regular exercises. The main rule for success is that morning exercises should be carried out regularly, be sure to include a set of exercises to strengthen the ciliary muscle of the eye.
Hardening plays an important role in achieving stable remission. It can be used to strengthen the immune system, increase resistance to viral and bacterial diseases.
A specialist - a sports medicine doctor or an ophthalmologist - will help develop a set of exercises and determine the necessary load. Sports will not only strengthen the body, but will bring a lot of pleasure.
In addition, you should regularly undergo an examination by an ophthalmologist and, if necessary, undergo preventive treatment. If vision deteriorates, one cannot ignore the fact of the progression of the disease or self-medicate, you should immediately seek the advice of a specialist.
This will make it possible to prevent further development of the disease, deterioration of vision and the development of irreversible processes in the fundus.
Experts recommend doing gymnastics for the eyes with myopia for both children and adults. It is especially important to do it for those who work a lot of time at a computer and other audiovisual equipment. Most often, children and the elderly are at risk of visual impairment.
The main thing in exercising is regularity. Even if you do it regularly, but not very intensively, it will bring more benefits than irregular intensive gymnastics.
Initially, one should not give the eyes a lot of load - gradualness will allow the visual apparatus to get used to the new task. Classes are best started after eating. After a few weeks, the first results will be visible.
It is important to increase blood flow, fill tissues with enough oxygen, and for this you can perform simple exercises for vision with myopia. To improve blood circulation, it is enough to regularly perform the following actions:
Gymnastics for the eyes with myopia helps in that it restores and improves the blood supply to the eye tissues, trains the muscles of the eyes, increasing visual acuity.
There is a charge, the constant repetition of which will help to significantly improve the condition of the eye muscles - they will be stronger and more resilient.
Myopia is a reason to start eye exercises as soon as possible, because the sooner treatment is started, the sooner and more noticeable the result will be visible.
Even in ancient times, monks applied homemade plates with small holes to their eyes. With the help of them, they achieved a relaxing effect and protected eyesight from snow blindness.
In the modern world, there have long been glasses with dark plates, which also have small holes. Professor Dashevsky A.N. even developed a special training for visual acuity using partial fogging.
The secret of such unusual glasses is simple - because of the holes in the glasses, parallel beams are formed that do not cause the effort of the eye muscles, and a sharper picture is formed on the retina.
Exercise glasses should be worn for half an hour a day, doing ordinary things - while reading, watching TV, working at a computer. Good lighting is a must.
It is important to avoid “freezing” the gaze - try not to look at one point, but move your eyes. Otherwise, the eye muscles will be too tense. Students and computer operators need to use training glasses for 5-7 minutes during each working hour.
As for efficiency, there have been disputes here for a long time. One group of people believes that training glasses should be used as often as possible, while the other says that they are of no use.
Training glasses are a medical device that has its own indications. They train the visual apparatus well. Another ability of simulators is to have a relaxing effect, relieving fatigue from tense muscles.
In the treatment of any disease, it is important to adhere to a set of measures aimed at combating unpleasant symptoms. So in the treatment of myopia - exercises to restore vision with myopia will help if used in combination with other techniques.
Music therapy allows you to relax completely, improve the rhythm of sleep. Slow music is especially useful, listening to which the eyes involuntarily close and maximum relaxation is achieved.
Doctors have long been talking about the benefits of chromotherapy - color treatment. With the help of vision, color information is transmitted to the brain. Those areas of the brain that are responsible for thinking are also responsible for the perception of colors. It is recommended to use colored lamps at home, looking at which a person can relax.
Green color helps to fall asleep faster, has a calming effect and gives the eyes a rest. And yellow relieves fatigue and increases concentration.
In order to improve vision with myopia brought the greatest effect, it is important to adhere to the correct diet. A diet with the inclusion of proteins and carbohydrates, a large amount of vitamins will benefit not only the eyes. Vitamins of groups A, E, C increase the quality of vision by approximately 10%.
Vitamin A can be obtained from foods by eating eggs, carrots, yellow peppers, and avocados. Vitamin E is abundant in wheat, rye, fish and nuts. Vitamin C is present in large quantities in fresh fruits.
If it is not possible to buy them or it is simply not the season, you can get vitamin C from jams and jams that you make yourself. Preparations from plums, oranges, blueberries and viburnum are especially useful. It is not for nothing that the main preparations recommended by ophthalmologists contain blueberries.
Another effective method of restoring vision is physiotherapy exercises. In order to perform exercises for the treatment of myopia, you will need a mat (green or blue) and a large object that can be seen without glasses. Before performing, you need to measure the pulse, turn on calm music and pick up the selected object, for example, a ball.
Here are just a few exercises that will have a beneficial effect on the visual apparatus:
A doctor can acquaint you with the full range of physiotherapy exercises, who will determine the individually permissible load, taking into account the degree of myopia.
By the way, physical exercises with moderate myopia also have an effect, it’s just that their implementation implies a smaller load. You can go swimming, walking, running, rhythmic gymnastics.
But you need to avoid that charge to improve vision with myopia, in which there are sharp movements of the head. Even tilting the torso forward should only be done while sitting.
Observation of a doctor and a constant eye examination is mandatory, because only a qualified specialist can assess the severity of the situation and give the right advice. Myopia is one of the conditions that a person can control himself and not allow to develop.
Vision is very important, so it must be treated with special care!
The importance of sports in our lives is growing all the time. Children and adolescents pay particular attention to it. However, not everyone can engage in the desired sport, as many health conditions do not allow this.
Among diseases, myopia (nearsightedness) is very common. Nearsightedness is an eye defect in which a person cannot see distant objects. In myopia, the image is formed in front of the retina. The most common cause is an enlarged eyeball. Due to this, the retina is located behind the focal plane. Very rarely, the refractive system of the eye can focus the rays much more strongly. In any of the cases, a fuzzy image is formulated on the retina.
With myopia, a person sees poorly from afar, but well close up.
Therefore, may wear glasses or contact lenses with negative values.
Many people think that myopia does not interfere with sports, but they are deeply mistaken. As with other complex diseases, with myopia, special attention should be paid to the approach to choosing a sport and permissible loads.
For nearsighted people, it is imperative to correctly identify contraindications. Doctors should monitor the condition of the organ of vision. Sports can have a good effect on the condition of the eyes in myopia and help to stabilize it, but they can also have a bad effect on the eyes and blind. It depends on the degree of myopia, as well as on the structure of the chosen sport and sports loads.
With non-progressive myopia, you must definitely engage in some kind of sport. If it is not possible to go in for sports with glasses and contact lenses, then glasses can be removed during exercise. If you cannot use glasses, and visual acuity is necessary, then in such cases you need to use contact lenses that are worn directly on the eyeball.
When developing myopia, you can not engage in sports with great physical stress (boxing, wrestling, weightlifting, etc.).
If a person has myopia greater than 4 diopters, then doctors should not let him go to sports. Myopia can also progress during exercise, in which case the athlete should stop playing sports or reduce the load.
Sports activities can positively influence the stabilization of vision. Big pluses are given to them by sports games, swimming, skiing, mountain sports.
The complex of physiotherapy exercises includes general developmental and special exercises for the eyes. Knowing that nearsighted people often have a violation of posture, distortion of the spine due to inclination of the head and torso during visual work at a short distance. Significant importance should be attached to breathing and corrective exercises. Breathing exercises play an important role in deepening pulmonary ventilation, strengthening the respiratory muscles. In addition, they are a means of cyclic load reduction.
You can do physical therapy at home. To do this, the patient must be guided by methodological instructions.
The course of physiotherapy exercises for myopic people should last at least 5 months. For the best result, the course should be divided into 2 stages: preparatory and main.
Preparatory can lasts 14-17 days.
During this period, the patient must perform the following tasks:
A) get used to physical activity;
B) strengthen the body;
C) activate the respiratory and vascular systems;
D) improve the body;
D) strengthen the muscular-ligamentous apparatus;
E) improve emotional state.
In this period, you should first of all perform corrective and breathing exercises. In gyms, classes can be carried out as morning exercises, but it must be supplemented with corrective, breathing exercises. Approximate duration 20-30 min.
To improve vision, patients with mild to moderate myopia should perform the following exercises daily, aimed at strengthening muscles. It is necessary to include the “mark on the glass” exercise in all complexes for training the ciliary muscle.
Example exercises to improve vision:
A) The exercise is done while standing, the hands are placed on the back of the head. First, raise your hands up, bend, then return to the current position. Do 7 times.
B) Circular movements of the head 4 times to the left and 4 to the right.
C) Self-massage of the muscles of the back of the neck and the back of the head for 60 seconds.
D) Circular eye movements. Perform slowly first to the left, then to the right for about 1 minute.
E) Closing your eyes, forcefully press your fingers on the eyeballs for about 35-45 seconds.
E) Exercise "mark on the glass." It is necessary to perform about 1-2 minutes, training the muscles of the eye, first the left, then the right, and then together.
G) Closing your eyes, stroke the eyelids from the outer corners to the nose, and then back for about 40-45 seconds.
H) Perform rapid blinking for about 25-30 seconds.
I) Sit with your eyes closed for about 60 seconds, perform abdominal breathing.
622, Shagislamova R. M.
