Volokolamsk- a city of district subordination in the Moscow region of Russia, the administrative center of the Volokolamsk district and the urban settlement of Volokolamsk. In 2010, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the city was awarded the title of "City of Military Glory". Population - 20 838 people. (2017).
It is located on the Baltiya federal highway, 98 km west of Moscow (from the Moscow Ring Road). The historical center is located on the Gorodnya River (a tributary of the Lama), 5 km north of the Volokolamsk railway station on the Moscow-Riga line.
Of course, it is impossible to consider this particular year as the date of the foundation of Volokolamsk - Russian cities were not built at the same time. Many researchers significantly "ancientize" Volokolamsk, referring its origin to the 10th-11th centuries. And that's why.
Volokolamsk land is located on the most important watershed in Eastern Europe, separating the Volga basin from the Oka basin. Veliky Novgorod, already in the 10th century, turned into the largest trading center, showed great interest in this territory - a water trade route to the countries of the Muslim East lay through it: with a short "land" portage in the area of \u200b\u200bnow Volokolamsk.
Here, as expected, the Novgorodians set up a town - and at first somewhat north-west, where the Gorodnya River flows into the Lama. Later, in 1054, the town was moved by Prince Yaroslav the Wise to its current location.
We will not find chronicle confirmation of this version, however, there is still some indirect evidence in its favor. They are found, for example, in the Volokolamsk patericon, created at the beginning of the 16th century by the monk Dositheus (Toporkov), the nephew of the Monk Joseph Volotsky. Father Dositheus wrote his text based on the stories of the Monks Pafnuty of Borovsky and Joseph of Volotsky, as well as data from the monastery archive. He tells about the early foundation of Volokolamsk as the "Novgorod limit", and about the transfer of the city to a new place at the direction of the prophet Elijah who appeared to Yaroslav the Wise, and about the construction in the city of a wooden cathedral church, consecrated in honor of the Resurrection of Christ, and about "letters of eternal and golden seals" given by Prince Yaroslav to the priests.
By the way, A. Euler, the author of the book “Historical Sketch of the City of Volokolamsk and the Present Situation of the City and County” published in 1891, also reported that an ancient chronicle was kept in the Joseph-Volotsky Monastery, mentioning the founding of Volok Lamsky by Yaroslav the Wise in 1054 year.
In the future, as the power of first the Rostov-Suzdal, then the Vladimir, and then the Moscow princes strengthened, their claims to such a strategically important settlement grew. Their struggle with Novgorod for Volokolamsk dragged on for four centuries. In the second half of the 12th century, a certain status quo was established: the Vladimir-Suzdal princes and Novgorod agreed on a “local” (that is, joint) possession of Volokolamsk - while the Novgorod governors “held” one part of the city, and the princely tiuns - the other. This state of affairs remained unchanged for about two hundred years, not without occasional misunderstandings and misunderstandings.
However, you can’t argue with the logic of history, and it led to the formation of a single Russian state in the 15th century. In 1462, in order to finally tear Volokolamsk away from the Novgorod Republic, the specific Volotsk principality was created: according to the will of the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily II the Dark, it went to his sixth son, Prince Boris Vasilyevich. And in 1471, after the defeat inflicted by the great, elder brother of Boris Vasilyevich, Novgorodians, Novgorod completely recognized its subordination to Moscow.
The relations of the brothers were not cloudless, but in an effort to end the independence of the Novgorod Republic, they acted together. So that no one would ever doubt that Volokolamsk had finally and forever been separated from Novgorod, Prince Boris began to fortify the city. And to “elevate” it - one of the evidence of this “elevation” was the construction of a stone building in the Kremlin.
Prince Fyodor Borisovich, who inherited the Principality of Volotsk from his father in 1494, was not as pious as his parent, but he treated the prince's cathedral with no less reverence. Which is no wonder: the stone Cathedral of the Resurrection was not only a house of prayer for the Volotsk princes, but also a material sign of their power.
This power in that same 1511 was already coming to an end - two years later, after the death of Fyodor Borisovich, the Volotsk principality was ceded to Moscow. The formal reason for the inclusion of Volokolamsk in the possessions of the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily III Ioannovich was the childlessness of Fyodor Borisovich - but it was just a formal one: it should be understood that even if the Volotsk prince had sons, sooner or later this "confiscation" would happen.
In the unified Russian state, then created by the rulers of Moscow, no destinies and other derogations from the grand duke, and in fact already royal power, were not supposed.
There is an interesting document from the 1770s that indirectly fixes the change in role: it reports that “state salt” is now stored in one of the lower chambers - earlier, the entire basement of the cathedral was intended for an ammunition depot. Thus, by the 1770s, the Kremlin hill had completely lost its military significance.
In 1781, Volokolamsk received the status of a county town, and after that, a plan for regular development. The transformation of a typical Russian, that is, "unplanned", climbing at random and completely unconcerned with the rules of fire safety Volokolamsk into a settlement arranged "according to the laws of reason" began from the Kremlin hill.
Volokolamsk region- a unique place near Moscow, where historical milestones and memorable events of their native land are closely intertwined.
The administrative center of the district is the city of Volokolamsk, or, as it was called in ancient times, Volok Lamsky. This is one of the oldest cities in Russia. It was conceived at first as a small trading post of Novgorodians on the Lama River, three kilometers from modern Volokolamsk. There was a place convenient for dragging sharp-nosed boats and other various boats with goods from the Lama River to the Voloshnya River on skating rinks. It gave the name to the new prilamskoe village. So Volok Lamsky became an important trading post on the way from Novgorod to Moscow and Ryazan lands.
Volokolamsk first mentioned in the Laurentian Chronicle in 1135 as Volok na Lama. Thus, Volokolamsk is the oldest city in the Moscow region: its age exceeds the age of Moscow by 12 years. Until the 18th century, it was also called Volok Lamsky, sometimes simply Volok.
The name comes from the portage, which was used by the Novgorodians, who ferried ("dragged") ships from the Lama River to Voloshnya.
Volok Lamsky became an important trading point on the way from Novgorod to the Ryazan and Moscow lands. The Lama River is a tributary of the Shoshi, which flows into the Volga in its upper reaches. And the Voloshnya River is one of the tributaries of the Ruza River, which flows into the Moscow River, which in turn is a tributary of the Oka.
In 1177, the city was given by the Novgorodians to Prince Yaroslav Mstislavich, the grandson of Yuri Dolgoruky. However, soon Volok again retreated to Novgorod: in 1216, Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich of Vladimir began to rule it. In the XII-XIII centuries, Volokolamsk was ruined more than once (in 1178 - by Prince Vsevolod Yuryevich, by whom the city was completely burned; in 1238 - by Batu; in 1273 - by the Prince of Tver Svyatoslav Yaroslavich, in 1293 - by Khan Duden).
From the end of the 13th century Volok Lamsky was divided between the Novgorod Republic and Moscow into two halves; in 1332, the Moscow governor appointed to it, Rodion Nestorovich, expelled the Novgorodian, having completely taken possession of the city. From 1345, in Volokolamsk, with the permission of Moscow, Fyodor Svyatoslavich, the father-in-law of the Moscow prince Simeon the Proud, began to reign. The city, which was ceded to Novgorod in the 1360s, withstood a three-day siege by the Lithuanian prince Olgerd (1371), and in 1382 the attack of Tokhtamysh's troops was heroically repulsed. In 1393, by order of Vasily I, he was captured by the Serpukhov prince Vladimir Andreevich.
In 1398, Volok Lamsky was given to the Lithuanian prince Svidrigailo and was under his command until 1410. In 1462, the city became the center of a specific principality (known as the Volotsk principality), which (in addition to Volokolamsk) included the cities of Ruza (in 1504 passed to Moscow) and Rzhev ; for a long time (from 1462 to 1494) it was ruled by Boris Vasilyevich), who was replaced by his son Fyodor Borisovich; under him, the Volokolamsk lands finally entered the sphere of influence of Moscow. After the death of Fyodor Borisovich, in 1513, Volokolamsk became part of the Moscow principality; The Volokolamsk specific principality was abolished. For some time it was part of the Staritsky principality; at the beginning of the 16th century, the city was the volost center of the Moscow principality.
During the Time of Troubles it was occupied by the Poles (1606), in 1608 it was released. Unsuccessfully besieged by Sigismund (1612); in the vicinity of Volokolamsk, a peasant war was waged. In the XVI-XVII centuries. fell into disrepair.
In 1781 Volokolamsk became a county town; in 1784 the master plan for its development was approved; in 1790 the first school was opened in the city. At the end of the 19th century, Volokolamsk had several industrial enterprises (including three vodka factories); trade fairs took place.
In 1904, the Moscow-Vindava railway approached Volokolamsk; this event, however, did not contribute much to the development of the economy of Volokolamsk, in the past a large trading center. Volokolamsk workers were highly active in the strike movement of 1905 (in November, the city's largest enterprise, the Starshinov brothers' weaving factory, was shut down). On October 31, the peasants of the surrounding villages entered the self-proclaimed Markov Republic (after the name of the village of Markovo, Volokolamsk district, the place where the republic was proclaimed). The peasant republic was abolished only in July 1906.
After the February Revolution of 1917, the Socialist-Revolutionaries and Mensheviks held the most significant positions in the Volokolamsk zemstvo administration. This situation persisted until December 22, 1917, when Soviet power was recognized by the Zemstvo. During 1918, almost all the enterprises of Volokolamsk (including the factory of the Starshinov brothers) were nationalized. In 1919, the first issue of the county newspaper The Voice of the Poor (later, The Red Plowman) was published. In 1922, the former factory of the Starshinovs was named after V. I. Lenin. In 1929 the city became the center of the Volokolamsk region.
From October 27 to December 20, 1941, the city of Volokolamsk was occupied by German troops. The city was liberated from the Nazi occupation by the troops of the 20th Army under the command of Major General Andrei Andreevich Vlasov.
In 1963, the urban-type settlement of Smychka was included in Volokolamsk.
In the early 2000s the territory of Volokolamsk was significantly increased due to neighboring settlements. In 2003, the village of Volokolamets and the urban-type settlement of Privokzalny, to which the village of Porokhovo had previously been attached, were annexed to the city; in 2004 - the village of Kholmogorka, the villages of Matveykovo, Kholstnikovo, Shchekino and the village of Vozmishche, as well as the village of Novopetrovskoye.
2010 - 23.6 thousand inhabitants
2009 - 23.9 thousand inhabitants
2008 - 24.0 thousand inhabitants.
1989 - 18.2 thousand inhabitants.
1979 - 18.4 thousand inhabitants.
1970 - 15.5 thousand inhabitants.
1959 - 11.1 thousand inhabitants.
1939 - 5.4 thousand inhabitants.
1926 - 3.4 thousand inhabitants.
1924 - 3796 inhabitants
1897 - 3091 inhabitants
1862–2412 inhabitants
The confluence of two small rivers Vesovka and Gorodenka. The most picturesque places were chosen by Prince Yaroslav the Wise in order to move the spontaneous settlement of Volok Lamsky Ivichi and Slovenes. These places became strategic in Novgorod's trade with Moscow. This route ensured the trade in bread until the middle of the 15th century. At the same time, Volok Lamsky was strategic in military terms, as it was located on the border of the Novgorod principality from 1135, the date of the first chronicle mention of the settlement.
This city became an object of construction in 1160 under Prince Bogolyubsky. After 17 years, the Kremlin of Volok Lamsky became a powerful fortification. But this did not prevent the Novgorodians from recapturing Volok Lamsky. In 1216 and 1226, the city was captured by Vladimir Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich and owned it until the invasion of the Mongol-Tatars.
The invasion of Batu in 1238 and Khan Duden in 1293 ruined the city, which recovered only by the beginning of the 14th century. And in 1370, during the campaign of the Lithuanian prince Olgerd against Moscow, the Volokolamsk garrison resisted the Lithuanians.
Moscow Prince Vasily II, in a campaign against Novgorod, recaptured Volokolamsk and kept it in order to pass it on to his son Boris in 1462. From that moment on, the Volokolamsk land became the specific principality of Volotsky, the city began to develop. In 1480, Volokolamsk announced the chime of the new Resurrection Cathedral. The princely city became a place for the development of crafts and trade. The strife of the princes for the possession of Volokolamsk subsided completely.
At the end of the XVI century. Volokolamsk played a fundamental role in the emergence of the spiritual movement of the "Josephites", who promoted the theory of the divine origin of the king's power. With the taking under the patronage of Moscow of the Joseph-Volokolamsky Monastery, the monastery became the center of the clerical culture of the Muscovite kingdom.
With the onset of the Time of Troubles, Volokolamsk joined the Bolotnikov uprising against Tsar Vasily Shuisky. In August 1608, Polish invaders entered Volokolamsk. They laid siege to the Joseph-Volokolamsky Monastery. Volokolamsk passed from hand to hand for seven years and by 1613 fell into decay.
The strategic importance of Volokolamsk fell due to the annexation of the Smolensk region in 1654. The growth of the city slowed down after the Time of Troubles. In 1781 the city received county status. Stone buildings of institutions began to be built until the Patriotic War of 1812 broke out. Being close to the communications of Napoleon's troops, the environs of Volokolamsk became the object of attacks by French marauders. This caused a partisan movement led by G. Ankudinov.
After the war, the city continued its peaceful life. After the Decembrist uprising of 1825, it turned out that 40 Decembrists were connected with Volokolamsk in one way or another. In 1833, Volokolamsk was visited by A.S. Pushkin, on the way from Moscow to Kazan.
The provincial way of life and the weak development of the industry of the city led to stagnation. In the period from 1861 to 1897 the population of the city increased by 400 people and amounted to 3100 people. A quarter of the male population of Volokolamsk was forced to look for work in Moscow and other cities.
In 1905, in the Markovskaya volost of the Volokolamsk district, the so-called. The Markov Republic, which lasted 260 days and supported the December uprising of workers in Moscow. In 1906, with the help of the Cossacks, the republic was liquidated, and the activists were sentenced to long prison terms. After the February Revolution of 1917, the Socialist-Revolutionaries and Mensheviks settled in Volokolamsk. The Bolsheviks were represented by a small cell of the Starshinov factory.
So Volokolamsk was part of the October Revolution and the Soviet era ...
Volokolamsky district is located in the Moscow region. The center is the city of Volokolamsk. It is located 95 km from Moscow. 21 thousand people live on the territory of 30 km² of Volokolamsk. Located (mostly historical part) on the river Gorodnya.
The regional center is considered the oldest city in the Moscow region. There are many historical monuments that are directly related to the history of the Russian state, which attracts a large number of tourists.
The first mention of this settlement is found in historical documents of 1135. It was founded by the merchants of Novgorod. The geographical position of this territory connected the trade route of Novgorod with other cities of the Ryazan, Vladimir and Moscow lands.
In those days, the settlement, whose main activity was the transit of goods between cities, was called Volok Lamsky. The settlement received this name due to the land isthmus between the Lama and Voloshnya rivers (part of the old waterway from the Volga to the Moscow River). Cargo ships were dragged along it.
During the Middle Ages, there were constant military clashes for the right to own Volok Lamsky. In 1160, the settlement was conquered by Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky (son of the founder of Moscow, Yuri Dolgoruky), and the settlement, thanks to the construction of a defensive fortress and other buildings on its territory, began to be called a city.
After 17 years, the fort was recaptured by the Novgorodians, who restored their influence. For several centuries, the territory of the future Volokolamsk was disputed between the Moscow and Novgorod principalities.
By 1456, this area finally became part of the possession of the Moscow princes, and the Volotsk principality was formed, the capital of which was the city of Volok Lamsky (renamed Volokolamsk in the middle of the 18th century).
With the expansion of the borders of Russia, the city lost its strategic importance and since 1781 became the usual administrative center of the county of the Russian Empire with the only production of linen products.
After the revolutionary events, since 1928, the construction of industrial and agricultural enterprises began in the city. Now Volokolamsk is a modern district center with eight major enterprises, seven higher and secondary educational institutions, schools and other institutions of urban infrastructure.
On October Square there is a regional travel agency that organizes excursions for tourists to the sights of the city and its environs.
What to see in Volokolamsk? Attractions - they are incredibly beautiful here. In addition, they have a very interesting history. On the territory of the Volokolamsk settlement (the remains of an ancient settlement) is one of the main attractions of the city - the Volokolamsk Kremlin. It is a complex of buildings from the Resurrection and St. Nicholas churches, a bell tower and a stone fence.
The Resurrection church building was built around the 15th century. It is a single-domed church made of white hewn natural stone. In 1899, the shape of the front part of the building on the south side was changed. At the same time, the upper part of the cathedral was also changed. In 1930, the religious building was closed.
After 60 years, the Orthodox Church of the Resurrection was returned to the Volokolamsk diocese and became a functioning cathedral. Divine services are now held there at the established hours, which can be attended by tourists and guests of the city.
The beginning of the construction of the St. Nicholas Church dates back to 1853, it was dedicated to the memory of the dead Russian soldiers in the Crimean War (1853-1856) between Russia and the coalition of the troops of Britain, France and the Ottoman Empire. Today, in the building of the temple, visitors can view the exposition of the historical museum.
In the 18th century, a five-tiered bell tower was built on the territory of St. Nicholas Cathedral. Its original appearance has not been preserved, as the structure was rebuilt several times.
The last external change that has survived to our time dates back to the beginning of the 19th century. The entire Kremlin complex is surrounded by a carved fence, the construction of which was completed in 1880.
You should not think for a long time about what attractions of Volokolamsk are suitable for children. The Kremlin is the perfect place. The air is clean and there are plenty of places to walk. After visiting the Kremlin, you can go to the city park complex.
Tourists often visit this attraction of the strong town of Volokolamsk. They say that the bell tower deserves special desire. As tourists say, the Kremlin is small, so you can get around it quickly enough.
What is worth seeing for those who are interested in the sights of the city of Volokolamsk? In the village of Teryaevo (15 km from Volokolamsk) there is an Orthodox male Joseph-Volotsky monastery.
In 1479, the Holy Russian Orthodox Church Joseph Volotsky founded a religious community in the name of the Assumption of the Mother of God.
Historical documents testify that the monastery was built at the expense of the appanage prince Boris Volotsky (the sixth son of the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily II). In the 16th century, it acquired a special significance. At that time, members of the royal family prayed within the walls of the temple.
The monastery was also a place of imprisonment of historical figures: the 16th-century political figure Vasily Patrikeev-Kosoy, the writer Maxim Grek, the founder of the Solovetsky Old Believers Gerasim Firsov and others.
The monastery had a large library. It contained documents from the 15th century. After the closing of the monastery (1922), the entire library was transferred to the Moscow Archive of Ancient Acts for storage.
Since 1925, an orphanage has been located on the territory of the monastery, and the Assumption Cathedral was rebuilt into a cinema hall. In 1989, the complex of buildings of the Joseph-Volotsky Monastery was transferred to the diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church (Russian Orthodox Church). It is currently active.
Tourists love this monastery. They did not notice any special external differences from other shrines, but many say that the territory of the monastery is well-groomed and clean, and the atmosphere here is hospitable.
For those who are interested in the sights of the city of Volokolamsk and its environs, it will be useful to get acquainted with this shrine. The tour desk organizes a bus tour for tourists to the village of Mikulino (60 km from Volokolamsk). There is the current Church of Michael the Archangel.
The modern village of Mikulino in past centuries was a border town of the Tver monarchical formation (principality), founded by Prince Mikulinsky in 1363. In the 15th century, minting of its own coins was carried out here, and the temple of Michael the Archangel was built on the foundations of an old wooden church. After the annexation of Tver to the Moscow Principality, Mikulin lost its significance as a city.
Since that time, a white-stone cathedral built in 1150 and the Mikulin rampart of the settlement have been preserved, where household items of past centuries were found during archaeological excavations. The most valuable was a silver bowl with the image of George the Victorious. It was made in the 15th century. Now it can be seen in the Moscow State Museum. Tourists can visit the current Cathedral of Michael the Archangel, which was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church after restoration work.
For lovers of Russian literature, the tour desk organizes a trip to the village of Yaropolets (18 km from Volokolamsk). The pride of the inhabitants of the village is the estate, it can also be attributed to the sights of the city of Volokolamsk. The mother-in-law of A. Pushkin lived here, the great Russian poet repeatedly stayed in the estate.
In 1864, the Ukrainian hetman Doroshenko received a territory in the Volokolamsk district from the second Russian tsar from the Romanov dynasty, Alexei Romanov, as a gift. The village of Yaropolets was founded there and a hetman's estate was erected.
For several centuries, the owners of the estate built on the banks of the Lama River have changed. In this estate in 1785, Natalya Ivanovna Goncharova, the mother of the future muse of A. Pushkin, Natalia Nikolaevna Goncharova, was born.
The last owner of the estate was Elena Goncharova, thanks to whom the estate was registered with the state as a cultural monument. During the Second World War, the estate was partially destroyed. The explosion of the German ammunition depot, which was located on the territory of the historic estate, caused great damage to the building.
For 15 years after the war, this attraction of Volokolamsk was in a dilapidated state. Restoration work began in 1960. After 10 years, the Goncharovs' estate was completely restored, and despite the fact that the nature of the restoration work was not aimed at restoring the historical appearance, the estate was preserved.
Now on the territory of the estate there is a rest house MAZ (Moscow Aviation Plant). But tourists can visit the building of the estate and see the interior, close to its original appearance, and a completely restored room, which was once intended for A. Pushkin and N. Goncharova.
As tourists say, this attraction of Volokolamsk is worth seeing for guests of the city. The building has been fairly well preserved. It is quite interesting here, especially for those who are fond of Pushkin and his work.
Tourists in Yaropolets can visit the Folk Museum of Local Lore. This main attraction of Volokolamsk and the region is located in the former mansion of the Yuriev merchants. Built in the 19th century, it is now a branch of the Volokolamsk Kremlin Museum and Exhibition Complex.
The branch is called "people's" on the grounds that it was created by the enthusiasts of Yaropolets.
Museum expositions tell about the history and development of the village. Of great interest is the exposition, which tells about the creation of the first rural hydroelectric power station.
Now the museum preserves about 3 thousand exhibits, they are located in two halls, the total area of which is 255 m². They attract history buffs with their uniqueness.
As tourists say, the museum is worth a visit for everyone. The expositions presented in this place really deserve attention. Guides, as tourists say, can tell a lot of interesting information.
In reviews of the sights of Volokolamsk and the city itself, they write that it is beautiful here. In addition, visitors to the city notice the friendly attitude of the locals. And interesting excursions around the city and its environs leave pleasant memories for a long time. Tourists are advised to at least once see the sights of Volokolamsk and the surrounding area. Every traveler will love them.
What do we know about the history of the Volokolamsk Territory? And a lot, and at the same time - very little. In ancient times, Volokolamsk was the fortress of Veliky Novgorod. An old road called Volotskaya passed here - from Ryazan and Moscow to Novgorod the Great. It was the most important trade route in terms of its strategic importance. 
The city of Volokolamsk is located on the hills. Its name comes from the word "drag", that is, the isthmus between two rivers, along which goods were dragged or dragged. Local residents who were engaged in dragging were called dragees. Wax, bread, lard were brought to the north. And to the south - cloth, fabrics, salt, glass, wine, rare expensive goods and jewelry. For the first time Volokolamsk is mentioned in the annals of the XII century, where it was called the city "On the Voloka Lamsky" or "Lamsky".
In the 15th century, the city of Volokolamsk became part of the Moscow Principality, but in church and administrative terms, until 1540, it was subordinate to the Novgorod ruler. At one time it was the center of an independent inheritance, which was owned by the brother of Ivan III, Prince Boris, and then by his son Fedor. Volokolamsk- a small, predominantly agricultural and commercial city. Being not rich, it developed slowly, until the 20th century, retaining mainly wooden buildings. In 1941, fierce battles between Soviet troops and partisans and German troops took place in the Volokolamsk region. In November 1941, at the Dubosekov junction, the infantry division stopped enemy tanks, preventing them from breaking through on the Volokolamsk-Moscow highway.
The first stone church of the Assumption in the city was built in 1484. on the territory of the Volokolamsk Kremlin and became famous for the fact that it was painted by the famous painter Dionysius and his sons. By the way, the first secular stone buildings appeared in Volokolamsk only at the beginning of the 19th century. To this day, such a monument of architecture and architecture as the multi-tiered bell tower of the Resurrection Cathedral has been preserved, its height is 75 meters, the bell tower is similar to the famous "Ivan the Great" in the Moscow Kremlin. Rising above the city, it is an excellent observation deck. Of the religious buildings of Volokolamsk, the most beautiful is the Church of the Cross, in which, according to legend, the future founder and hegumen of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery, Ivan Sanin, studied literacy.
The generous benefactors of the monastery, the princes Shakhovsky, Tyutchev and Goncharov, were buried near the eastern wall of the Assumption Cathedral. It is also known that on the north side of the refectory there was a burial place of Malyuta Skuratov and his father. Tombstones have not survived to this day. As for the sights of the Volokolamsk Territory, first of all it is necessary to talk about the noble estates.
Chernyshevsky Yaropolets - a magnificent residence, with a large park ensemble, was called the "Russian Versailles" for the scope of its architectural design. The estate ensemble included: front and side gates, a palace, a granite obelisk in the center of the park, and outbuildings. Opposite the main house rises the temple. The Kazan Church is located in the eastern part, and the family burial vault is in the western part. The park was made in the French style, smoothly turning into the forest, it had three terraces descending to the pond. Chernyshev's grave is located in the park, the tombstone of which is decorated with marble allegorical figures "Sadness" and "Glory". On the territory of the estate there was a 16-column oval "Temple of Friendship". Alas, much was destroyed, and today Chernyshevsky Yaropolets requires restoration.
Eight kilometers from Volokolamsk, the Ostashevo estate is located, first owned by the Urusov princes, and since 1813, Major General Nikolai Nikolaevich Muravyov, the founder of the Moscow School of Column Leaders, who trained officers of the General Staff of the Russian army, became its owner. Secret meetings of the Decembrists took place in this estate. The architectural ensemble is made in the styles of pseudo-Gothic and classicism. Today, part of the park has been preserved from it, two obelisks made of white stone (the gates of the central alley), two towers of the fence (pentahedrons with arched vaults). Unfortunately, the beautiful cast fence has been lost. It is known that in 1903-1917 Ostashevo was the residence of Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich Romanov. Cousin uncle, the last Russian Tsar Nicholas II.
Of the monuments of civil architecture, the administrative complex in the Kremlin, created in the Empire style at the beginning of the 19th century, the asymmetric building of the fire station with Art Nouveau elements (1913) and residential buildings that characterize the ordinary building of Volokolamsk in the 19th century, are of interest.
