The final material of the project dedicated to Victory Day and dedicated to the Heroes of the Soviet Union - natives of Izhevsk and Udmurtia. Today we will talk about Evgeny Kungurtsev - the only Izhevsk resident awarded this title twice.
Dossier
Evgeny Kungurtsev born on October 3, 1921 in Izhevsk, in a working-class family.
In 1939, he graduated from school and entered the Votkinsk Industrial College, and later into the flying club.
In the Red Army - since 1940.
In 1942 he graduated from the Balashov Military Aviation School.
In February 1943 he went to the front. He fought on the Leningrad and 3rd Belorussian fronts.
He started as a pilot, then became a flight commander, and finally a squadron commander.
On February 23, 1945, Evgeny Kungurtsev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
In March 1945, Kungurtsev was captured, but he managed not only to escape from captivity, but also to obtain valuable intelligence information, for which he was given the second “Gold Star” of the Hero.
Thus, at the age of 24 he became twice Hero of the USSR.
After the end of the war he continued to serve. He graduated from the Air Force Academy, and after that from the General Staff Academy.
He retired to the reserve with the rank of major general, and after finishing his service he lived in Berdyansk, Ukraine.
He died in 2000 and was buried in Berdyansk.
I was afraid that they wouldn’t take me on as a pilot because of my height.
Evgeny Kungurtsev was born and raised in Izhevsk, graduated from school No. 22 in 1939. Now the lyceum has a museum dedicated to the exploits of Evgeny Kungurtsev, as well as another student of this school, a tank driver, about whom we wrote in one of the previous issues of the “Our Heroes” column "
Evgeniy’s father, Maxim Afanasyevich, worked at an arms factory and worked part-time as a shoemaker. Mom, Alexandra Mikhailovna, took care of the housekeeping,” says Iraida Reshetnikova, a history teacher at Lyceum No. 22 and the head of the museum. - There were eight children in the Kungurtsev family. Evgeniy happily adopted the interests of his older brothers: he fished, skied, played the mandolin, and went to a photography club. The future pilot's passion for the sky comes from the same place - his brother Alexander entered the Izhevsk flying club, and in the fall Zhenya moved from the photo club to the circle of young aircraft modellers.
In high school, his passion for aviation took very specific forms: Zhenya decided to become a pilot. True, he was afraid that because of his short stature he might not be accepted into flight school, and therefore he began to train - he did gymnastics, played football, and swam.
In the spring of 1939, Evgeniy graduated from 8 classes and entered the Votkinsk Industrial College,” says Iraida Ivanovna. - That same year he was accepted into the flying club, and then, on a Komsomol ticket, he was sent to the Balashov military school, where pilots were trained.
After the Great Patriotic War began, classes at school began at an accelerated pace. Kungurtsev was one of those who could not wait to graduate - he was so eager to go to the front.
Immediately after the start of the war, he submitted a report where he wrote: “I ask you to send me to the front to beat the fascist evil spirits, to help throw them out of the Motherland,” Iraida Ivanovna quotes Kungurtsev as saying. “But he had to wait until graduation. Only a year and a half later, in December 1942, Evgeniy was sent to war.
The knowledge gained in the photo club was useful at the front
Yevgeny Kungurtsev made his first combat mission in February 1943 on the Leningrad Front. He was noted, and after the fourth flight our fellow countryman received his first government award - the Order of the Red Star.
Evgeny Kungurtsev flew on the Il-2 attack aircraft. He learned quickly, mastering the secrets of the attack aircraft's craft, and analyzing in detail all his mistakes after the end of the flight. By the way, “Ilom” was also managed by, a graduate of school No. 24, about whom we wrote in one of the previous issues of the column.
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Iraida Reshetnikova, history teacher, head of the Museum of Military Glory of Lyceum No. 22: |
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Evgeny Kungurtsev flew reconnaissance, photographed the location of German troops, and he managed to obtain the most valuable operational data. It could pass over the target smoothly at a constant speed to take good pictures. At the same time, bad weather was not a hindrance for him; on the contrary, low clouds camouflaged him, allowing him to unexpectedly appear in the sky above the subject and quickly fly away. The most interesting thing is that after the war, when Kungurtsev studied at the Air Force Academy, the cadets there were trained using his own photographs. |
And yet, combat missions came first for Kungurtsev. They write about him as a stormtrooper with his own special style. Eugene's specialty was the so-called low-level flight at an extremely low altitude, ideal for a surprise attack.
One day, the four “Ilovs,” which included Kungurtsev, flew to bomb the Nazis in the area of the Mga station, near Leningrad, says Iraida Ivanovna. - Having completed the task, they were about to return, when suddenly they noticed a train on the tracks, prepared for departure. The station was surrounded by a dense ring of anti-aircraft batteries and machine guns, and therefore Evgeniy decided to break through to the train at low level flight in order to catch the enemy by surprise and gain a few minutes to strike. And this plan worked - the destruction of the train disabled the most important highway for the Germans for some time.
Was captured and received a second “Gold Star”
Yevgeny Kungurtsev received the first “Golden Star” of Hero in February 1945 - as stated in the award sheet, “for completing command tasks, courage and heroism.” And almost immediately the pilot was captured.
In March 1945, our troops fought in East Prussia,” says Iraida Ivanovna. - And one day Kungurtsev did not return from a mission. Those who were with him reported to the command that the Izhevsk resident’s plane had lost control and fell into the very thick of enemy troops. No one believed that he managed to survive, and therefore his fellow soldiers honored the memory of Kungurtsev and, according to tradition, vowed to avenge him. But a month later he suddenly returned.
Kungurtsev managed to survive the fall. The Germans pulled him, wounded, from the cockpit and took him for interrogation. No beatings forced Kungurtsev to answer the Nazis’ questions, and in the end he, along with other prisoners of war, was sent to a camp near Koenigsberg. Evgeniy, along with several dozen comrades, managed to escape from the camp. They made their way through enemy territory to the east for 22 days until they reached their own.
According to some reports, Evgeniy managed to obtain some important information in captivity related to the location of enemy troops, says Iraida Ivanovna. - Be that as it may, in April he was given a second “Gold Star”. By that time, he had more than 200 combat missions under his belt.
Evgeny Kungurtsev was 24 years old when he became a twice Hero. Before him, only forty people in the country had received this honor. According to tradition, monuments were erected to everyone who received this high title twice during their lifetime. A bronze bust of Kungurtsev was installed in Izhevsk in 1951.
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A bust of Evgeny Kungurtsev was installed in Izhevsk during the Hero’s lifetime - in 1951. Initially, it stood in the park near the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral (in the first photo in the background is house number 154 on Krasnaya Street). Later the bust was moved to Karlutskaya Square. |
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Meanwhile
The house for the twice Hero was built by captured Germans
After the war, Evgeny Kungurtsev returned to Izhevsk, but his army service did not allow him to stay in his hometown for long. He moved from place to place, and after leaving the reserve in 1968, he settled in Berdyansk, on the shores of the Azov Sea. However, he came to Izhevsk, where his mother and brothers and sisters lived, quite often.
Among those who knew the famous pilot well is his niece, Muza Gennadievna Borodina.
I was born in 1940, and I remember how the three Kungurtsev brothers - Evgeny, Victor and my dad, Gennady, returned from the war,” says Muza Gennadievna. - All three managed to survive, and Evgeniy Maksimovich also became a Hero twice, so there was a big celebration in the house. Alexandra Mikhailovna, my grandmother and their mother, was very happy.
Muza Gennadievna recalls: the Kungurtsev family lived in house number 91 on the former Lenin Street (now Vadim Sivkov Street), just below its intersection with Karl Liebknecht.
And in 1948, Yevgeny Maksimovich, as a twice Hero of the Soviet Union, had a 2-story house built on Maxim Gorky Street. Moreover, it was built by captured Germans. As a child, I lived there with my grandmother, Alexandra Mikhailovna. By the way, the house has still been preserved, but in a “stripped-down form” - without a veranda and other outbuildings. It looks like there's a hostel there now.
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Borodin's muse, niece of Evgeniy Kungurtsev: |
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In Berdyansk, my uncle was given an apartment, and on the shore of the Azov Sea he built himself a large house. There were often guests there - relatives and friends. On the ground floor there was a huge table, about 15 meters long, and it happened that all the places at the table were occupied. In general, Evgeniy Maksimovich was a man of a broad soul, very kind, with an excellent sense of humor. |
Meanwhile
Military exploits of Evgeny Kungurtsev
From February 1943 to May 1945, our fellow countryman flew 210 combat missions.
Personally destroyed 10 tanks, 108 vehicles, 46 railway cars, 2 locomotives, 26 artillery pieces and 24 mortars, blew up 5 ammunition warehouses.
He shot down 1 plane in a dogfight personally, and 6 more in a group with his comrades. Destroyed or damaged 43 aircraft at airfields.
Exterminated up to 700 enemy soldiers and officers.
He flew out 34 times to photograph areas occupied by the enemy.
One of the new streets in Izhevsk is named in honor of Evgeny Kungurtsev - in the Stolichny microdistrict.
In our city there is also a bronze bust of the Hero, and a memorial plaque is installed on the wall of Lyceum No. 22.
In addition, there is Kungurtseva Street in Votkinsk.
In Berdyansk, on the house where Evgeniy Maksimovich lived, a memorial plaque was also installed. There is also Kungurtseva Street there.
We thank the Museum of Military Glory named after Hero of the Soviet Union Vadim Sivkov Lyceum No. 22 for the photographs provided, as well as personally Muza Gennadievna Borodina.
Read all materials from the “Our Heroes” project on our website
1418 days separate May 9, 1945 from June 22, 1941. 1418 days of struggle for Victory, its expectation and unquenchable faith that it will come.
In fierce battles, dying and bleeding, soldiers obtained it. With continuous sleepless labor, the worker and collective farmer in the rear brought her closer. They defended their home, the future of their children, defended their homeland.
Therefore, it is very important to perpetuate the memory of our fellow countrymen and convey to young people the significance of the feat accomplished during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.
More than 17 thousand people from Votkinsk and the Votkinsk region went to the front, 6823 people did not return home. Unfortunately, there are fewer and fewer of those who forged victory at the front and in the rear with us. If in 1995 there were 286 participants in the Great Patriotic War living in the Votkinsk region, today there are only 4 participants in the war.
The war passed through the lives and destinies of an entire generation and became a fact of the biography of all generations of people in our country - both those who walked along the roads and those who worked without closing their eyes for almost four years in the name of Victory, and those who were still children. The war still lives in people’s memory today, as a holy milestone in the history of mankind, as evidence of the Soviet people’s ability to withstand and win in the most difficult times.
How can we talk about the war so that it becomes clear to them, sitting at their school desks?
This question always arose before the participants of the Second World War when they spoke at homeroom hours and lessons on courage in schools. It was from the mouths of war veterans that children listened with interest to the memories of veterans, wrote essays, composed poems, and made drawings that deserve special attention and gratitude.
In the context of the changes taking place in our society in recent years, there is a very difficult task to develop in the younger generation patriotism, a sense of responsibility for the fate of the Fatherland, and readiness to defend it. Patriotism is not an idle word - it is one of the highest and enduring values of our people, which connects a person with his land, strengthens his love for it, and generates a desire to protect it.
Hero of the Soviet Union - natives of the Votkinsk region.
Hero of the Soviet Union
(17.12.1923-31.08.2005)
Ulyanenko Nina Zakharovna was born on December 17, 1923 in the city of Votkinsk. In 1930, she entered Votkinsk elementary school No. 2, then secondary school No. 1. With a Komsomol voucher, she was accepted into the Izhevsk flying club, which she graduated in the fall of 1940. In August 1941, she entered the aviation technical school, then after four month courses she received the military specialty of navigator and was sent to the Southern Front in an aviation regiment formed under the leadership of Hero of the Soviet Union Marina Raskova.
From May 1942, crew navigator, then flight navigator of the 588th Night Bomber Aviation Regiment, 218th Night Bomber Aviation Division of the Southern Front. Since February 1943 - flight navigator of the 46th Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment of the 132nd Bomber Air Division. From December 1943 to April 1944 - pilot of the 46th Guards Taman night bomber regiment of the 132nd bomber regiment of the separate Primorsky Army. From April to May 1944 - pilot of the 46th Guards Taman Red Army night bomber air regiment of the 2nd Guards Red Banner night bomber air division of the 4th Ukrainian Front. From May to December 1944, pilot of the 46th Guards Tamansky Red Army night bomber of the 325th night bomber Osovets air division of the 2nd Belorussian Front, from December 1944, flight commander of the same regiment, participated in the liberation of the North Caucasus, Crimea, Belarus, Poland, East Prussia. By May 1945, the flight commander of the 46th Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment (325 Night Bomber Aviation Division, 4th Air Army, 2nd Belorussian Front) of the Guard, Lieutenant N.Z. Ulyanenko, produced:
-918 combat missions to bomb enemy troops, including 388 combat missions as a navigator and 530 combat missions as a pilot;
- dropped 120 tons of bombs on the enemy;
-caused 135 fires;
-destroyed and damaged 4 crossings;
- 4 warehouses with fuel and ammunition;
- 10 cars;
- suppressed the fire of 4 artillery batteries;
- dropped 700 thousand leaflets behind enemy lines
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 18, 1945, Nina Zakharovna Ulyanenko was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Nina Zakharovna took part in the historical Victory Parade on Red Square in Moscow. Nina Zakharovna spoke about her military journey in the book “Unforgettable,” published in 1949 in Izhevsk. Many people remember the feature film “Night Witches in the Sky,” filmed at the Central Studio of Children’s and Youth Films named after. Gorky. The script is based on the true story of the 46th Guards Taman Aviation Regiment, in which our famous pilot Nina Zakharovna Ulyanenko served. The screenwriter and director was Nina Zakharovna’s fighting friend, Evgenia Andreevna Zhigulenko, also a Hero of the Soviet Union.
Received military awards: Order of the Red Banner (twice), -1942-1943, Order of the Patriotic War - 1944, Red Star - 1943, named after. Lenin, front-line medals, including “For the capture of Berlin”, “For the defense of the Caucasus” - 1944, “For the liberation of Hungary” - 1945, “For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War” - 1945. and etc.
After the war, Nina Zakharovna graduated from the Udmurt Pedagogical Institute and devoted her entire working life to children. She generously passed on her rich life experience to the younger generation. For many years, Nina Zakharovna worked at the Bolshekivarskaya and Svetlyanskaya schools in the Votkinsk district. A teacher by vocation, he left a good mark in the memory of teachers, students and residents of the Votkinsk region. An example of the courage and courage of military skill of Nina Zakharovna Ulyanenko will forever remain in memory as an excellent example of love and devotion to the Motherland.
Ulyanenko Nina Zakharovna - Honorary Citizen of the Udmurt Republic. By the resolution of the Municipal Municipality "City of Votkinsk" dated February 15, 2006, school No. 6 was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union Nina Zakharovna Ulyanenko.
Monuments: Memorial "Eternal Flame" in Izhevsk
tombstone in Izhevsk
Memorial "Eternal Flame" in Izhevsk
Hero of the Soviet Union (10/11/1915 - 06/30/1944)
Mikhail Seleznev was born on November 11, 1915 in the village of Malaya Kivara, Votkinsk district, Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Since 1929 he lived in Novosibirsk. Here he studied at school, then worked at the factory. The Central Committee of the Garment Workers' Trade Union and in the "Boevik" promartel. He completed active service in the army before the war. In April 1941, the Central District Military Commissariat of Novosibirsk was called up for training and sent to the western border of the country. Already in the first hours of Nazi Germany’s attack on the Soviet Union, senior sergeant Mikhail Seleznev found himself in battle. It was a long and difficult path of retreat. He was seriously wounded and was treated at the Omsk Garrison Hospital. After recovery, he fought at Stalingrad, on the Kursk Bulge, in Belarus. He fought on the Central, Western and 1st Belorussian fronts. In the battles he was wounded three more times. After each injury he returned to duty. Seleznev Mikhail Grigorievich - squad commander of the 1348th Infantry Regiment (399th Infantry Division, 48th Army, 1st Belorussian Front), sergeant. At the end of June 1944, the Red Army troops began one of the outstanding offensive operations - the Belarusian one. The division in which Seleznev served, overcoming stubborn enemy resistance, advanced to the West. She crossed the Drut River and, having broken through four lines of powerful defensive structures during the day, rushed to Bobruisk. According to documents, Seleznev was among the first to overcome the water barrier. When the platoon commander was out of action, it was Mikhail Grigorievich who led his comrades forward into the attack.
On June 30, in a fierce battle for the village of Sychkovo, located 12 kilometers from Bobruisk, the soldiers of the advancing battalion, where Seleznev served, were unexpectedly hit by a machine gun from a bunker. The battalion lay down. Sergeant Seleznev, who was closest to the bunker, with the permission of the commander, moved forward. Crawling, approaching the bunker, he tried to silence the enemy machine gun with several machine gun bursts into the embrasure, but to no avail. In response, the German machine gunner transferred fire to Seleznev. He crawled closer to the bunker and threw several grenades at the bunker. However, the machine gun, which had fallen silent for a short time, resumed fire. Then Seleznev jumped up, ran to the bunker in several leaps and leaned on the embrasure, covering it with his body, repeating the feat of Alexander Matrosov. The unit rushed to the attack. The enemy garrison entrenched in the village was defeated.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 24, 1945, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the Nazi invaders and the courage and heroism displayed, Sergeant Mikhail Grigorievich Seleznev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously). He was buried in the village of Sychkovo, Bobruisk district, Mogilev region (Belarus) in a mass grave of Soviet soldiers. Awarded: Orders of Lenin, Order of the Red Star, Medal "For Courage". A street, school and park in the village of Sychkovo are named after him. A monument in the form of a bunker was erected at the site of the feat. In Novosibirsk, a street on which an annotation board was installed is named after Mikhail Seleznev. The Bolshekivar secondary school in the Votkinsk district of the Udmurt Republic is named after the Hero of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Grigorievich Seleznev.
Monuments
Annotation board in Novosibirsk
Monument at the site of the feat
Monument at the grave
Stele on the Alley of Heroes in Votkinsk
Bas-relief at the Mound of Glory in the village. Sychkovo
Annotation board in Novosibirsk
Monument at the site of the feat, Belarus
Monument at the grave, Belarus
Stele on the Alley of Heroes in the village of Sychkovo, Belarus
Bas-relief at the Mound of Glory in the village. Sychkovo, Belarus
Stele on the Alley of Heroes in Votkinsk, Udmurtia
Hero of the Soviet Union
(29.12.1918-19.09.1973)
Fonarev Ivan Petrovich was born on December 29, 1918 in the village of Kvarsa, Votkinsk district, Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. He graduated from primary school in the village of Kvarsa, then in the village. Transportable seven-year school. Ivan always studied excellently. After school, he worked as a shooting sports instructor in Osoaviakhim. After graduating from college, he worked at the Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant. In 1939, he was drafted into the Army by the Votkinsk RVC and sent to the Molotov Military Aviation School of Pilots. He served as a pilot instructor at an aviation school. At the front since September 1942. He made his first combat flights near Stalingrad, as part of the 61st Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment and the 74th Guards Assault Aviation Regiment, which fought on the Don, Southern, 4th Ukrainian and 3rd Belorussian fronts. Fonarev I.P. - commander of the aviation unit of the 74th Guards Assault Aviation Regiment of the 1st Guards Assault Aviation Stalingrad Order of Lenin, twice Red Banner, Orders of Suvorov and Kutuzov Division of the 1st Air Army of the 3rd Belorussian Front, Guard Senior Lieutenant. He was the permanent leader of a group of stormtroopers. Thus, during the Belarusian offensive operation of the Soviet troops, codenamed “Bagration” from June 23 to August 29, 1944, attack pilot Ivan Fonarev stormed Nazi troops at the crossings of the Orshitsa River, in the area of the village of Kokhanovo, Vitebsk region, in the “Minsk cauldron”. He also carried out combat missions on the PO-2 aircraft, dropped necessary cargo at the location of partisan formations and on the front line, and transported wounded soldiers and commanders. Fonarev Ivan Petrovich walked the battle path from Stalingrad to Koenigsberg. By May 1945, the Guard senior lieutenant had completed 346 successful combat missions, destroyed 12 tanks, 63 vehicles, 10 mortars, 2 barges and hundreds of soldiers and officers, thereby inflicting significant damage to the enemy in manpower and military equipment. For active participation in the defense of Stalingrad, in the liberation of Donbass, the Lower Dnieper, Crimea, Soviet Belarus, Lithuania, for the valor and heroism shown during the defeat of the East Prussian group of enemy forces and during the capture of the fortress and the city of Keninsberg, and the port of Pillau, Ivan Petrovich was presented to be awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
He has military awards: the Order of the Red Banner (twice), the Order of Alexander Nevsky, and others.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 29, 1945, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the Nazi invaders and the courage and heroism of the guard, senior lieutenant Ivan Petrovich Fonarev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and the Gold medal Star".
After the end of World War II, Ivan Petrovich continued to serve in the Air Force. Graduated from the Air Force Academy. Since 1958, Lieutenant Colonel I.P. Fonarev has been in reserve. Lived and worked in the capital of Belarus, the hero city of Minsk.
Monuments: a monument on the grave in Minsk, at the Eastern Cemetery,
Memorial "Eternal Flame" in Izhevsk
monument on the grave in Minsk, at the Eastern Cemetery
Memorial "Eternal Flame" in Izhevsk, Udmurtia
Memorial plaque on the building of the Kvarsinsky secondary school, Votkinsky district, Udmurtia
Walk of Fame in Votkinsk, Udmurtia
Hero of the Soviet Union
(15.04.1924- 22.10.1943)
Stepanov Ivan Fedorovich was born on April 15, 1924 in the village of Zarechny Bilib, Sharkansky district. At the end of the 30s, the family, in search of a better life, moved to the village of Lipovka, Votkinsk district. Ivan, understanding the difficult situation of the family, after graduating from elementary school, began working on the collective farm early. Ivan was called up to defend the Fatherland only in October 1942 by the Votkinsk military registration and enlistment office. Stepanov was sent to the active army, to the front line of the front in January 1943 and, as part of the 981st anti-aircraft artillery regiment, arrived at the Voronezh Front. He took part in the defeat of the Germans near Kursk and Belgorod. On August 5, 1943, the gun crew, which included Stepanov, shot down the fascist Yu-88 bomber and Ivan Fedorovich received his first soldier’s award - the medal “For Courage”. He distinguished himself in many other military operations. At the end of September 1943, the troops of the Voronezh Front approached the Dnieper. They created the so-called Bukrinsky bridgehead, where it was decided to transport anti-aircraft artillery to protect troops from attacks by enemy aircraft. On September 28, 1943, the 4th battery of the 981st anti-aircraft artillery regiment received orders to cross to the right bank of the Dnieper, as part of a battery of 37 mm automatic anti-aircraft guns of the 1939 model. The artillerymen landed just below the signal light. The shallow depth did not allow the pontoon to come close to the shore. Privates Stepanov and Sorokin jumped into the cold water and, having climbed ashore, tried to lift the pontoon with ropes. The ingenuity of the soldiers allowed them to complete the combat mission. Having reloaded ammunition and overcome a steep climb, junior sergeant Asmanov’s crew, which included Stepanov, was the first to take a firing position on the bridgehead. On the night of September 29, military equipment was transported on a twin ferry towed by a boat. Under enemy fire, the crew was the first to cross the river and took up a firing position in the area of the village of Zarubentsy. Following them, the rest of the battery's guns crossed, and then the entire 981st regiment. The fighting became fierce. Units of the 40th Army selflessly held back the enemy onslaught. On October 21, the battery redeployed closer to the front line and equipped firing positions on the outskirts of the village of Khodorov, Mironovsky district, Kyiv region. Stubborn fighting on the bridgehead did not stop day or night. Anti-aircraft gunners thwarted all attacks by fascist aircraft. However, the Junkers suddenly dived onto the battery from the direction of the sun. One of the bombs they dropped hit junior sergeant Asmanov's gun directly in the gun trench. All the anti-aircraft gunners stood in their places until the last moment and fired continuously at the planes. Private Stepanov Ivan Fedorovich, left alone with the enemy, continued to aim his gun and shoot until his last breath, firing at German planes until he died. Stepanov Ivan Fedorovich, a hero-artilleryman, gave his life defending us, not living to see the most important day - Victory Day.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 24, 1943, for the courage and bravery shown in battles on the right bank of the Dnieper, all members of the gun crew led by gun commander Asmanov, including Red Army soldier Ivan Fedorovich Stepanov, were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously ).
Near the village of Khodorov, Mironovsky district, Kyiv region, a monument was erected on which are carved the names of Heroes who stood to the death, where there is also the surname of our fellow countryman - Stepanov Ivan Fedorovich.
In the center of the city of Votkinsk, on the Walk of Fame, there is a stele: the surname of the Hero of the Soviet Union, Ivan Fedorovich Stepanov, is inscribed in gold letters.
In the village of Sharkan and the village of Bolshaya Kivara of the Udmurt Republic there are monuments to the soldier, where the name of the glorious fellow countryman is clearly inscribed.
Monuments: Memorial "Eternal Flame" in Izhevsk,
Walk of Fame in Votkinsk, Udmurtia,
Victory Square in the village. Sharkan, Udmurtia,
Monument to fellow countrymen in the village of B-Kivara.
Memorial "Eternal Flame" in Izhevsk, Udmurtia
Walk of Fame in Votkinsk, Udmurtia
Victory Square in the village. Sharkan, Udmurtia
Monument to fellow countrymen in the village of B-Kivara, Udmurtia
Slide 2.
The highest degree of distinction in the USSR was the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. It was awarded to citizens who accomplished a feat during military operations or distinguished themselves by other outstanding services to their Motherland. As an exception, it could have been appropriated in peacetime.
Slide 3.
The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was established by the Decree of the USSR Central Executive Committee of April 16, 1934.
Slide 4-5.
Later, on August 1, 1939, as an additional insignia for Heroes of the USSR, it was approved , in the form of a five-pointed star fixed on a rectangular block, which was issued to the recipients along with and a certificate of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces. At the same time, it was established that those who repeated a feat worthy of the title of Hero would be awarded the second Order of Lenin and the second Gold Star medal.
Slide 6.
When the hero was re-awarded, his bronze bust was installed in his homeland. The number of awards with the title Hero of the Soviet Union was not limited.
Slide 7.
More than 90 percent of the total number of Heroes of the Soviet Union appeared in the country during the Great Patriotic War. 11 thousand 657 people were awarded this high title, 3051 of them posthumously. This list includes 107 fighters who became twice heroes (7 were awarded posthumously), and the total number of those awarded included 90 women (49 - posthumously). The names of many natives of Udmurtia are written in golden letters in the chronicles of the Great Patriotic War. For courage, valor and bravery shown in battles with the Nazi invaders and Japanese militarists, over 60 thousand soldiers from our republic were awarded orders and medals of the Soviet Union, 105 of our fellow countrymen were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union, four of them were natives of the Zavyalovsky district.
Slide 8.
On May 6, 2015, in honor of the 70th anniversary of the Great Victory of the Soviet people over the fascist invaders, the grand opening of the memorial complex “To the Heroes of the Front and Home Front from Grateful Descendants” took place on the central square of the village of Zavyalovo.
Such a Walk of Fame - a complex of 5 monuments to front-line veterans, Heroes of the Soviet Union and veterans of the labor front of the Great Patriotic War - is unique, the only one in the Udmurt Republic.
Slide 9.
Alexander Nikolaevich Saburov was born on August 8, 1908 in the village of Yarushki of the former Izhevsk district (now Zavyalovsky district) of the UASSR into a working-class family. Russian.
His working career began at the age of 14. He was an auxiliary worker at construction sites in Izhevsk, a farm manager on a collective farm, and chairman of the village council in the Izhevsk region. From 1931 to 1933 he served in the Red Army. After demobilization, he was promoted to work in the Zhytomyr region of Ukraine. Since 1938 - in the NKVD of the USSR.
On June 25, 1941, he was appointed commissar of the 4th special-purpose battalion of the NKVD troops under the command of state security lieutenant P. A. Dobrychev. The battalion took up positions near the city of Irpen. During the retreat from Kyiv, the battalion was surrounded and was defeated on September 21 during an attempt to break out near the village of Kharkovtsy, leaving six people alive. On October 19, A. Saburov led a partisan detachment created in the village of Podlesnoye from four fighters and five commanders of defeated units of the Red Army. In December 1941, in the Oryol region, he united under his command five partisan detachments with a total number of 151 people.
From March 1942 to April 1944, he commanded a partisan unit that operated in Sumy, Zhitomir, Volyn, Rivne and other regions of Ukraine, as well as the Bryansk and Oryol regions of Russia and in the southern regions of Belarus.
A. Saburov's partisan unit fought 7,000 kilometers behind enemy lines. Partisans from Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary fought as part of the formation. A. N. Saburov was a talented strategist and tactician of partisan warfare. He destroyed more than 36 thousand enemy soldiers and officers, derailed over 350 trains with ammunition and enemy manpower.
By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated May 18, 1942, Alexander Nikolaevich Saburov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for his skillful leadership of partisan combat operations behind the lines of the Nazi invaders, personal courage and heroism. He was also awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Red Banner, Suvorov, II degree, Bogdan Khmelnitsky, I and II degrees, two Orders of the Patriotic War, I degree, and the Order of the Red Star.
After the liberation of Ukraine from the Nazi invaders, Major General A. N. Saburov worked in the Ministry of Internal Affairs. He was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR for three convocations. Author of the books “Behind the Front Lines” (1955), “Friends Have the Same Roads,” “Innumerable Forces” (1967), “Won Spring” (1968).
Lived in Moscow. On April 15, 1974, Alexander Nikolaevich died. He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow.
The name of A. Saburov is immortalized on the Memorial Stele to the Heroes of the Soviet Union at the Eternal Flame in the city of Izhevsk, on a memorial plaque in the house where A. Saburov lived in 1958–1974 in Moscow. The bust was installed in the city of Ovruch, Zhitomir region (Ukraine). In 2014, a monument was erected in the village of Zavyalovo. Streets in the cities of Izhevsk, Zhitomir, Kyiv, Ovruch, Chernigov are named after the Hero.
Slide 10.
Vasily Petrovich Zaitsev was born on March 11, 1915 in the village of Verkhnyaya Ludzya, Zavyalovsky district of the Ukrainian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, into a peasant family. Udmurt.
Before the war, he worked on a collective farm, was a postman, agronomist, salesman, secretary of the village council, and since 1936 - a combine operator. Served as a border guard in the Far East. Then he lived in Izhevsk, worked at the central post office. In June 1941, he was drafted into the army by the Pastukhovsky district military registration and enlistment office.
Since July 1941, V.P. Zaitsev has been at the front. Since December 1943, he commanded a rifle company of the 297th Infantry Regiment of the 184th Infantry Division. As part of the Western, 3rd Belorussian Fronts, he liberated the Smolensk region, the Belarusian land. He was wounded five times, but, returning to duty, continued to crush the enemy.
On August 17, 1944, Zaitsev’s company was the first to reach the state border with East Prussia in the area north of the city of Naumiestis (Lithuania). V. Zaitsev took out a red banner, tied it to a pole, and the banner rose above the border.
V.P. Zaitsev reported to the Supreme Commander-in-Chief: “I am reporting to you on the basis of my service and my soul. August 17 at 7 o'clock. 30 min. I had the honor of being the first to hoist our victorious Red Banner on the state border of the socialist Fatherland with Nazi Germany... We know that the enemy must be finished off. Everything that the struggle for the complete destruction of Germany requires from me and my fighters, we will give without hesitation.”
Vasily Petrovich was wounded in the battle for the German border town of Shirvindt. On October 22, 1944, V.P. Zaitsev died.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 24, 1945, Captain Vasily Petrovich Zaitsev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for courage and heroism in the fight against the Nazi invaders.
He was also awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Red Banner, Alexander Nevsky, the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, and the Red Star.
V.P. Zaitsev was buried on Lithuanian soil, in the city of Kaunas. There is an obelisk on the grave.
In Izhevsk, a street and an alley are named after V. Zaitsev. There is also V.P. Zaitseva Street in the village of Verkhnyaya Ludzia. The museum of the Podshivalovskaya School contains documents about his heroic life, and a bust of the hero has been erected. The name of V. Zaitsev is immortalized on the Memorial Stele to the Heroes of the Soviet Union at the Eternal Flame in the city of Izhevsk. In 2015, a monument was erected in the village of Zavyalovo.
Slide 11.
Lushnikov Alexander Matveevich was born on November 20, 1910 in the village of Sepych, Zavyalovsky district of the Ukrainian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, into a peasant family. Russian.
Alexander grew up and was brought up in a large family. He worked on a collective farm as a blacksmith. In August 1941, the Izhevsk regional military registration and enlistment office was drafted into the army, and from November he was at the front.
Alexander Matveevich was a gunner, and then a gun commander of a battery of 76-mm howitzers. Defended Moscow. Then he fought on the Stalingrad, Voronezh, and Steppe fronts, took part in the battles near Kharkov, and crossed the Dnieper.
On September 26, 1943, it was necessary to cross to the right bank of the Dnieper, gain a foothold there and divert the enemy’s attention to ensure the crossing of other military units without losses. Only volunteers were sent for this task. Lushnikov was among them. The group established a foothold near the village of Borodayevka, Dnepropetrovsk region, and gave the regiment units the opportunity to cross.
The crew of a nearby gun was killed. Lushnikov directed his comrades to this weapon, and he himself was left alone. He is a gunner, a loader, a carrier, and a castle officer. Direct fire destroyed two tanks, capturing both crews.
Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR By decree of October 26, 1943, guard private A. M. Lushnikov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. He was also awarded the Order of Lenin, the Red Star, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, the medal “For Courage” and other medals.
In September 1945, senior sergeant A. M. Lushnikov, having been demobilized, returned to his native village. He was elected chairman of the collective farm ", in 1947 - deputy of the Supreme Council of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Later he worked at the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant. Alexander Matveevich died on May 16, 1989. He was buried in the village of Sovetsko-Nikolskoye, Zavyalovsky district.
The name of A. Lushnikov is immortalized on the Memorial Stele to the Heroes of the Soviet Union at the Eternal Flame in the city of Izhevsk and on the memorial plaque to the workers of the machine-building plant in the city of Izhevsk. In 2015, a monument was erected in the village of Zavyalovo.
Slide 12.
Nikifor Savelyevich Pavlov was born on February 21, 1921 in the village of Staraya Kazmaska, Zavyalovsky district of the Ukrainian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, into a peasant family. Udmurt.
Since 1929 he lived in Izhevsk, studied at school, worked at a machine-building plant as a mechanic, and here he joined the Komsomol.
In 1940, Nikifor Savelyevich was drafted into the army by the Azin regional military registration and enlistment office and served in the Far East.
From July 1942 - at the front, in August he took part in the battles of Stalingrad. Then he fought on the Kursk Bulge, in battles in the Kharkov direction.
By September 1943, Guard Junior Sergeant Nikifor Pavlov was the head of the central telephone exchange of the communications company of the 225th Guards Rifle Regiment of the 78th Guards Rifle Division of the 7th Guards Army of the Steppe Front.
He especially distinguished himself during the Battle of the Dnieper. Pavlov, among the first three brave men, crossed to the right bank of the Dnieper near the village of Domotkan, Dnepropetrovsk region and ensured communication between the regiment’s command post and the advancing units by laying a communication line along the river bottom. Subsequently, under continuous artillery and mortar fire, he eliminated 21 damage to the line. On September 25, 1943, again under enemy fire, he repaired 10 damages. When the threat of encirclement of the command post loomed, he went into hand-to-hand combat with the fascists.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on October 26, 1943, for the successful crossing of the Dnieper, the strong consolidation and expansion of the bridgehead on the western bank of the river and the courage and heroism of the guard, junior sergeant N. S. Pavlov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
He also participated in the liberation of Right Bank Ukraine. The war ended at Brandenburg. He was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and medals.
After being demobilized in 1945, Nikifor Savelyevich returned to Izhevsk and worked at a mechanical plant and other enterprises in the city.
He died on July 3, 1995, and was buried at the Khokhryakovskoye cemetery in Izhevsk.
The name of N. Pavlov is immortalized on the Memorial Stele to the Heroes of the Soviet Union at the Eternal Flame, on a memorial plaque to workers of a machine-building plant in the city of Izhevsk. A street in Izhevsk is named after Pavlov. In 2015, a monument was erected in the village of Zavyalovo.
We present to users a new section: . It contains information from the database of the same name, prepared by employees of the Central State Archive of the Udmurt Republic and posted on the website of the Archive Service of Udmurtia (http://gasur.ru/databases/priz.php). The section provides the ability to search for information in the database, as well as linking people to settlements (we have already done 80% of this work in advance).
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" was established after the end of the war, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 6, 1945. The medal was awarded to workers who, with their valiant and selfless work, ensured the victory of the Soviet Union over Germany in the Great Patriotic War.
In order to perpetuate the memory of the heroes of the home front, in 2003, employees of the Central State Archives of the Udmurt Republic created a database - Alphabetical index "Lists of persons awarded the medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." When creating the database, it was Colossal work has been done to identify sources and index all records about awardees. As a result of this work, 378,495 records were entered into the database. Please note that one awardee may have several records, since in addition to award certificates, the database includes certificates and summary statements.
Ulyana Kolmogorova
The contribution of the residents of Udmurtia to the victory in the Great Patriotic War is enormous. Our enterprises worked around the clock to supply the front, women and children stood at the machines and built the Izhevsk-Balezino railway. But, of course, the sons and daughters of Udmurtia performed the most striking feats on the front line.
The Udmurtia news agency will remind you only of five heroes of our republic, in whose honor the streets of Izhevsk are named.
Although Vadim Sivkov was born in the Perm region, he spent his school years in Izhevsk - he studied at school No. 22. From the very beginning of the war, he wanted to go to the front, he succeeded only in early 1944. Unfortunately, not for long.
On the night of March 13-14, 1944, following the regiment’s route, the tank of 19-year-old commander Vadim Sivkov M4A2 “Sherman” burst into the village of Yavkino, Nikolaev region, occupied by the Germans. Sivkov’s main achievement is that by maneuvering alone, the 19-year-old was able to create the impression that at least 10 tanks had broken into the village. As a result, he destroyed more than a hundred Nazis, destroyed 12 armored personnel carriers, 3 guns, and crushed 50 carts. By noon, the village was cleared of the enemy and for 24 hours the Izhevsk resident was able to hold his position.
But the next night the Nazis returned. Sivkov's tank fell into an anti-tank ditch, resting against its wall with the barrel of a turret gun and losing the ability to move. The driver escaped and, having used up all the ammunition, Sivkov and radio operator Pyotr Krestyaninov barricaded themselves in the tank and blew themselves up with grenades, not wanting to surrender.
After them, only farewell letters remained for their relatives, which the soldiers wrote before their deaths. The tankers were buried in the village of Yavkino.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 3, 1944, Vadim Sivkov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Posthumously.
Vadim Sivkov Street appeared in Izhevsk on March 5, 1970. Before that, it changed many names - Green, Fifth, Trinity, Church. In Soviet times, its northern part was Lenin Street, and the southern part was Leo Tolstoy Street.
Fyodor Falaleev was born in the village of Yarushki near Izhevsk. For some time he worked at the Izhevsk arms factory, then threw in his lot with the Red Army. Soon after the start of the Great Patriotic War, he was appointed commander of the 6th Army Air Force on the Southwestern Front. Then in 1942 he was commander of the Air Force of the Southwestern Front and Southwestern Direction.
In October 1942, Falaleev was recalled to Moscow, where he held senior positions in the Air Force for a long time. He spent a significant part of his time in these positions in the active army, coordinating the actions of several air armies participating in the largest operations. In this capacity he participated in the Donbass operation (1943), in the liberation of Southern Ukraine, in the Crimean operation of 1944, in the Belarusian, Baltic, and East Prussian operations.
In 1942–1943, he was the main representative from the USSR in negotiations on the creation and combat activities of the future famous fighter aviation regiment "Normandie-Niemen".
In 1944, he was awarded the rank of Air Marshal.
In 1945, he participated in the Potsdam Conference and at the meeting of military delegations of the Allied powers in Norway - England, France, and the USA.
A street named after Marshal Fyodor Falaleev appeared in Izhevsk in 2014. It is located in the Leninsky district of the city.
Izhevsk resident Evgeny Kungurtsev is another famous graduate of school No. 22. At the beginning of the war, he was studying to become a pilot at the Balashov military school. Despite the fact that Evgeniy was eager to go to the front, he was sent there only in December 1942.
Kungurtsev flew on reconnaissance and, photographing the location of German troops, obtained the most valuable operational data. By the way, after the war, when he studied at the Air Force Academy, the cadets there were trained using his own photographs.
One day, the four “Ilovs,” which included Kungurtsev, flew to bomb the Nazis in the area of the Mga station, near Leningrad. Having completed the task, they were about to return, when suddenly they noticed an enemy train on the tracks, prepared for departure. The station was surrounded by a dense ring of anti-aircraft batteries and machine guns, and therefore Evgeniy decided to break through to the train at low level flight in order to catch the enemy by surprise and gain a few minutes to strike. And this plan worked - the destruction of the train put the most important highway for the Nazis out of action for some time.
By October 1944, Evgeny Kungurtsev had flown 176 combat missions, shooting down one enemy aircraft personally and 6 in a group.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated February 23, 1945, for military exploits and demonstrated courage and bravery, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.
In March 1945, Kungurtsev did not return from his next mission. It turned out that his plane lost control and fell into enemy territory. The Izhevsk resident managed to survive, he did not give up during interrogations and they decided to send him to a camp. From there he fled along with several dozen people. It took them 22 days to reach theirs.
As a result, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated April 19, 1945, Kungurtsev was awarded the second Gold Star medal for new military exploits. He was 24 years old when he became a twice Hero. Before him, only forty people in the country had received this honor.
In Izhevsk there is a bronze bust of the Hero, and a memorial plaque is installed on the wall of Lyceum No. 22. In addition, there is Kungurtseva Street in Votkinsk.
In Berdyansk, on the house where Kungurtsev lived before his death, a memorial plaque was also installed. There is also a street named after him.
Tatyana Baramzina is a native of Glazov. When the war began, Tanya asked to go to the front, but she was refused. Then she went to work as a teacher in a kindergarten for evacuees and study nursing courses. As a result, she ensured that in 1943 she was enrolled in the Central Women's Sniper School, after graduating from which in April 1944 she was sent to 3rd Belorussian Front. In battles, she destroyed 16 enemy soldiers with a sniper rifle, but soon her eyesight began to deteriorate. Baramzina refused to demobilize and retrained as a telephone operator.
On June 22 and 23, 1944, in battles near the village of Maloe Morozovo under heavy artillery fire, she had to fix broken telephone connections 14 times.
On July 5, 1944, Tatyana Baramzina, as part of the 3rd Infantry Battalion of the 252nd Infantry Regiment, was sent behind enemy lines to capture a railway junction. On the march near the village of Pekalino, the battalion encountered superior enemy forces. In the ensuing battle, Tanya provided assistance to the wounded under fire. Seeing the superiority of the enemy, she ordered the wounded to retreat into the forest, and those who could not take refuge in the dugout. Tatyana Baramzina fired back to the last bullet and destroyed 20 enemy soldiers. The Nazis captured the dugout and shot the wounded with an anti-tank rifle. Tatyana was tortured for a long time: her body was cut up with a knife, her eyes were gouged out, her breasts were cut out, a bayonet was stuck in her stomach and she was finished off with a shot from an anti-tank rifle to the head. She was identified only by the remains of her uniform and her hair.
24-year-old Tatyana Baramzina was buried at the Volma station, and in 1963 the remains were transferred to a mass grave in the village of Kalita, Smolevichi district, Minsk region.
Monuments to Tatyana Baramzina were erected in Glazov and Izhevsk.
School No. 53 in Izhevsk is named after her, as well as school No. 86 and a sports school for children and youth in Perm. Tatyana is forever included in the list of students at secondary school No. 2 in Glazov. A memorial plaque was installed on the building of the Perm Pedagogical Institute in memory of Baramzina.
Streets in Minsk, Glazov, Izhevsk, Perm, and Podolsk are named after Tatyana.
Alexander Saburov was born on the territory of modern Izhevsk and before the start of the war he managed to work in the NKVD.
In 1941, he was appointed commissar of the 4th special-purpose battalion of the NKVD troops. The battalion took up positions near the city of Irpen. During the retreat from Kyiv, the unit was surrounded and was defeated on September 21 during an attempt to break out near the village of Kharkovtsy, leaving six people alive.
On October 19, 1941, Saburov led a partisan detachment created in the village of Podlesnoye from four fighters and five commanders of defeated units of the Red Army. And already in December, in the Oryol region, he united under his command five partisan detachments with a total number of 151 people.
By personal order of Stalin, in 1942, Saburov became a member of the underground Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine. In October 1942, he became the chief of staff for the leadership of the partisan movement in the Zhitomir region, and was a member of the Zhitomir regional committee of the Communist Party (b)U.
His partisan detachment became almost the most famous of all. From March 1942 to April 1944, he commanded a partisan unit that operated in Sumy, Zhitomir, Volyn, Rivne and other regions of Ukraine, as well as the Bryansk and Oryol regions of Russia and in the southern regions of Belarus.
In May 1942, Alexander Saburov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
In Udmurtia, two schools are named after Alexander Saburov. One of them is located in Mozhga, and the other is in the village of Pervomaisky near Izhevsk.
In May 2014, in Zavyalovo, on the initiative of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Udmurtia, a bust of Alexander Saburov was opened. Another monument to the Hero stands in Ukraine, in the city of Ovruch he liberated.
